add and update samples for CUDA 11.6

This commit is contained in:
Rutwik Choughule
2022-01-13 11:35:24 +05:30
parent 11de19f00c
commit 2e41896e1b
4615 changed files with 178150 additions and 181350 deletions

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{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Linux",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/**",
"${workspaceFolder}/../../../Common"
],
"defines": [],
"compilerPath": "/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc",
"cStandard": "gnu17",
"cppStandard": "gnu++14",
"intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
"configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.makefile-tools"
}
],
"version": 4
}

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{
"recommendations": [
"nvidia.nsight-vscode-edition",
"ms-vscode.cpptools",
"ms-vscode.makefile-tools"
]
}

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{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "CUDA C++: Launch",
"type": "cuda-gdb",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${workspaceFolder}/quasirandomGenerator"
}
]
}

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{
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "sample",
"type": "shell",
"command": "make dbg=1",
"problemMatcher": ["$nvcc"],
"group": {
"kind": "build",
"isDefault": true
}
}
]
}

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################################################################################
# Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
# * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
# from this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
# PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
# CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
# EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
# PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
# PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
# OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#
################################################################################
#
# Makefile project only supported on Mac OS X and Linux Platforms)
#
################################################################################
# Location of the CUDA Toolkit
CUDA_PATH ?= /usr/local/cuda
##############################
# start deprecated interface #
##############################
ifeq ($(x86_64),1)
$(info WARNING - x86_64 variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=x86_64 instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= x86_64
endif
ifeq ($(ARMv7),1)
$(info WARNING - ARMv7 variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=armv7l instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= armv7l
endif
ifeq ($(aarch64),1)
$(info WARNING - aarch64 variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=aarch64 instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= aarch64
endif
ifeq ($(ppc64le),1)
$(info WARNING - ppc64le variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=ppc64le instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= ppc64le
endif
ifneq ($(GCC),)
$(info WARNING - GCC variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use HOST_COMPILER=$(GCC) instead)
HOST_COMPILER ?= $(GCC)
endif
ifneq ($(abi),)
$(error ERROR - abi variable has been removed)
endif
############################
# end deprecated interface #
############################
# architecture
HOST_ARCH := $(shell uname -m)
TARGET_ARCH ?= $(HOST_ARCH)
ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),x86_64 aarch64 sbsa ppc64le armv7l))
ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),x86_64 aarch64 sbsa ppc64le))
TARGET_SIZE := 64
else ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),armv7l))
TARGET_SIZE := 32
endif
else
TARGET_SIZE := $(shell getconf LONG_BIT)
endif
else
$(error ERROR - unsupported value $(TARGET_ARCH) for TARGET_ARCH!)
endif
# sbsa and aarch64 systems look similar. Need to differentiate them at host level for now.
ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH),aarch64)
ifeq ($(CUDA_PATH)/targets/sbsa-linux,$(shell ls -1d $(CUDA_PATH)/targets/sbsa-linux 2>/dev/null))
HOST_ARCH := sbsa
TARGET_ARCH := sbsa
endif
endif
ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifeq (,$(filter $(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH),aarch64-armv7l x86_64-armv7l x86_64-aarch64 x86_64-sbsa x86_64-ppc64le))
$(error ERROR - cross compiling from $(HOST_ARCH) to $(TARGET_ARCH) is not supported!)
endif
endif
# When on native aarch64 system with userspace of 32-bit, change TARGET_ARCH to armv7l
ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_SIZE),aarch64-aarch64-32)
TARGET_ARCH = armv7l
endif
# operating system
HOST_OS := $(shell uname -s 2>/dev/null | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")
TARGET_OS ?= $(HOST_OS)
ifeq (,$(filter $(TARGET_OS),linux darwin qnx android))
$(error ERROR - unsupported value $(TARGET_OS) for TARGET_OS!)
endif
# host compiler
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),darwin)
ifeq ($(shell expr `xcodebuild -version | grep -i xcode | awk '{print $$2}' | cut -d'.' -f1` \>= 5),1)
HOST_COMPILER ?= clang++
endif
else ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH),x86_64-armv7l)
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),linux)
HOST_COMPILER ?= arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),qnx)
ifeq ($(QNX_HOST),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_HOST must be passed to the QNX host toolchain)
endif
ifeq ($(QNX_TARGET),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_TARGET must be passed to the QNX target toolchain)
endif
export QNX_HOST
export QNX_TARGET
HOST_COMPILER ?= $(QNX_HOST)/usr/bin/arm-unknown-nto-qnx6.6.0eabi-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),android)
HOST_COMPILER ?= arm-linux-androideabi-g++
endif
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),aarch64)
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS), linux)
HOST_COMPILER ?= aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),qnx)
ifeq ($(QNX_HOST),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_HOST must be passed to the QNX host toolchain)
endif
ifeq ($(QNX_TARGET),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_TARGET must be passed to the QNX target toolchain)
endif
export QNX_HOST
export QNX_TARGET
HOST_COMPILER ?= $(QNX_HOST)/usr/bin/q++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS), android)
HOST_COMPILER ?= aarch64-linux-android-clang++
endif
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),sbsa)
HOST_COMPILER ?= aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),ppc64le)
HOST_COMPILER ?= powerpc64le-linux-gnu-g++
endif
endif
HOST_COMPILER ?= g++
NVCC := $(CUDA_PATH)/bin/nvcc -ccbin $(HOST_COMPILER)
# internal flags
NVCCFLAGS := -m${TARGET_SIZE}
CCFLAGS :=
LDFLAGS :=
# build flags
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),darwin)
LDFLAGS += -rpath $(CUDA_PATH)/lib
CCFLAGS += -arch $(HOST_ARCH)
else ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),x86_64-armv7l-linux)
LDFLAGS += --dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux-armhf.so.3
CCFLAGS += -mfloat-abi=hard
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),android)
LDFLAGS += -pie
CCFLAGS += -fpie -fpic -fexceptions
endif
ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-linux)
ifneq ($(TARGET_FS),)
GCCVERSIONLTEQ46 := $(shell expr `$(HOST_COMPILER) -dumpversion` \<= 4.6)
ifeq ($(GCCVERSIONLTEQ46),1)
CCFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
endif
LDFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf
endif
endif
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-linux)
ifneq ($(TARGET_FS),)
GCCVERSIONLTEQ46 := $(shell expr `$(HOST_COMPILER) -dumpversion` \<= 4.6)
ifeq ($(GCCVERSIONLTEQ46),1)
CCFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
endif
LDFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/lib -L$(TARGET_FS)/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu -L$(TARGET_FS)/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu
LDFLAGS += --unresolved-symbols=ignore-in-shared-libs
CCFLAGS += -isystem=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include -I$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include -I$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include/libdrm
CCFLAGS += -isystem=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu -I$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu
endif
endif
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-qnx)
NVCCFLAGS += -D_QNX_SOURCE
NVCCFLAGS += --qpp-config 8.3.0,gcc_ntoaarch64le
CCFLAGS += -DWIN_INTERFACE_CUSTOM -I/usr/include/aarch64-qnx-gnu
LDFLAGS += -lsocket
LDFLAGS += -L/usr/lib/aarch64-qnx-gnu
CCFLAGS += "-Wl\,-rpath-link\,/usr/lib/aarch64-qnx-gnu"
ifdef TARGET_OVERRIDE
LDFLAGS += -lslog2
endif
ifneq ($(TARGET_FS),)
LDFLAGS += -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib
CCFLAGS += "-Wl\,-rpath-link\,$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib"
LDFLAGS += -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/libnvidia
CCFLAGS += "-Wl\,-rpath-link\,$(TARGET_FS)/usr/libnvidia"
CCFLAGS += -I$(TARGET_FS)/../include
endif
endif
endif
ifdef TARGET_OVERRIDE # cuda toolkit targets override
NVCCFLAGS += -target-dir $(TARGET_OVERRIDE)
endif
# Install directory of different arch
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR :=
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-linux)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/armv7-linux-gnueabihf/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-linux)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/aarch64-linux/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),sbsa-linux)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/sbsa-linux/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-android)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/armv7-linux-androideabi/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-android)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/aarch64-linux-androideabi/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-qnx)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/ARMv7-linux-QNX/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-qnx)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/aarch64-qnx/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),ppc64le)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/ppc64le-linux/
endif
# Debug build flags
ifeq ($(dbg),1)
NVCCFLAGS += -g -G
BUILD_TYPE := debug
else
BUILD_TYPE := release
endif
ALL_CCFLAGS :=
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(NVCCFLAGS)
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(EXTRA_NVCCFLAGS)
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xcompiler ,$(CCFLAGS))
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xcompiler ,$(EXTRA_CCFLAGS))
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 1
ALL_LDFLAGS :=
ALL_LDFLAGS += $(ALL_CCFLAGS)
ALL_LDFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xlinker ,$(LDFLAGS))
ALL_LDFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xlinker ,$(EXTRA_LDFLAGS))
# Common includes and paths for CUDA
INCLUDES := -I../../../Common
LIBRARIES :=
################################################################################
# Gencode arguments
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),armv7l aarch64 sbsa))
SMS ?= 53 61 70 72 75 80 86 87
else
SMS ?= 35 37 50 52 60 61 70 75 80 86
endif
ifeq ($(SMS),)
$(info >>> WARNING - no SM architectures have been specified - waiving sample <<<)
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 0
endif
ifeq ($(GENCODE_FLAGS),)
# Generate SASS code for each SM architecture listed in $(SMS)
$(foreach sm,$(SMS),$(eval GENCODE_FLAGS += -gencode arch=compute_$(sm),code=sm_$(sm)))
# Generate PTX code from the highest SM architecture in $(SMS) to guarantee forward-compatibility
HIGHEST_SM := $(lastword $(sort $(SMS)))
ifneq ($(HIGHEST_SM),)
GENCODE_FLAGS += -gencode arch=compute_$(HIGHEST_SM),code=compute_$(HIGHEST_SM)
endif
endif
ALL_CCFLAGS += --threads 0 --std=c++11
ifeq ($(SAMPLE_ENABLED),0)
EXEC ?= @echo "[@]"
endif
################################################################################
# Target rules
all: build
build: quasirandomGenerator
check.deps:
ifeq ($(SAMPLE_ENABLED),0)
@echo "Sample will be waived due to the above missing dependencies"
else
@echo "Sample is ready - all dependencies have been met"
endif
quasirandomGenerator.o:quasirandomGenerator.cpp
$(EXEC) $(NVCC) $(INCLUDES) $(ALL_CCFLAGS) $(GENCODE_FLAGS) -o $@ -c $<
quasirandomGenerator_gold.o:quasirandomGenerator_gold.cpp
$(EXEC) $(NVCC) $(INCLUDES) $(ALL_CCFLAGS) $(GENCODE_FLAGS) -o $@ -c $<
quasirandomGenerator_kernel.o:quasirandomGenerator_kernel.cu
$(EXEC) $(NVCC) $(INCLUDES) $(ALL_CCFLAGS) $(GENCODE_FLAGS) -o $@ -c $<
quasirandomGenerator: quasirandomGenerator.o quasirandomGenerator_gold.o quasirandomGenerator_kernel.o
$(EXEC) $(NVCC) $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(GENCODE_FLAGS) -o $@ $+ $(LIBRARIES)
$(EXEC) mkdir -p ../../../bin/$(TARGET_ARCH)/$(TARGET_OS)/$(BUILD_TYPE)
$(EXEC) cp $@ ../../../bin/$(TARGET_ARCH)/$(TARGET_OS)/$(BUILD_TYPE)
run: build
$(EXEC) ./quasirandomGenerator
testrun: build
clean:
rm -f quasirandomGenerator quasirandomGenerator.o quasirandomGenerator_gold.o quasirandomGenerator_kernel.o
rm -rf ../../../bin/$(TARGET_ARCH)/$(TARGET_OS)/$(BUILD_TYPE)/quasirandomGenerator
clobber: clean

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE entry SYSTEM "SamplesInfo.dtd">
<entry>
<name>quasirandomGenerator</name>
<cuda_api_list>
<toolkit>cudaMemcpyToSymbol</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaMemset</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaFree</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaDeviceSynchronize</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaMalloc</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaMemcpy</toolkit>
</cuda_api_list>
<description><![CDATA[This sample implements Niederreiter Quasirandom Sequence Generator and Inverse Cumulative Normal Distribution functions for the generation of Standard Normal Distributions.]]></description>
<devicecompilation>whole</devicecompilation>
<includepaths>
<path>./</path>
<path>../</path>
<path>../../../Common</path>
</includepaths>
<keyconcepts>
<concept level="advanced">Computational Finance</concept>
</keyconcepts>
<keywords>
<keyword>CUDA</keyword>
<keyword>Advanced Topics</keyword>
<keyword>Quasi-Monte Carlo Integration</keyword>
<keyword>Computational Finance.</keyword>
</keywords>
<libraries>
</libraries>
<librarypaths>
</librarypaths>
<nsight_eclipse>true</nsight_eclipse>
<primary_file>quasirandomGenerator.cpp</primary_file>
<scopes>
<scope>1:CUDA Advanced Topics</scope>
<scope>3:Computational Finance</scope>
</scopes>
<sm-arch>sm35</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm37</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm50</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm52</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm53</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm60</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm61</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm70</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm72</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm75</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm80</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm86</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm87</sm-arch>
<supported_envs>
<env>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<platform>linux</platform>
</env>
<env>
<platform>windows7</platform>
</env>
<env>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<platform>macosx</platform>
</env>
<env>
<arch>arm</arch>
</env>
<env>
<arch>sbsa</arch>
</env>
<env>
<arch>ppc64le</arch>
<platform>linux</platform>
</env>
</supported_envs>
<supported_sm_architectures>
<include>all</include>
</supported_sm_architectures>
<title>Niederreiter Quasirandom Sequence Generator</title>
<type>exe</type>
</entry>

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# quasirandomGenerator - Niederreiter Quasirandom Sequence Generator
## Description
This sample implements Niederreiter Quasirandom Sequence Generator and Inverse Cumulative Normal Distribution functions for the generation of Standard Normal Distributions.
## Key Concepts
Computational Finance
## Supported SM Architectures
[SM 3.5 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 3.7 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 5.0 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 5.2 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 5.3 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 6.0 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 6.1 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 7.0 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 7.2 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 7.5 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 8.0 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 8.6 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 8.7 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus)
## Supported OSes
Linux, Windows
## Supported CPU Architecture
x86_64, ppc64le, armv7l
## CUDA APIs involved
### [CUDA Runtime API](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-runtime-api/index.html)
cudaMemcpyToSymbol, cudaMemset, cudaFree, cudaDeviceSynchronize, cudaMalloc, cudaMemcpy
## Prerequisites
Download and install the [CUDA Toolkit 11.6](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads) for your corresponding platform.
## Build and Run
### Windows
The Windows samples are built using the Visual Studio IDE. Solution files (.sln) are provided for each supported version of Visual Studio, using the format:
```
*_vs<version>.sln - for Visual Studio <version>
```
Each individual sample has its own set of solution files in its directory:
To build/examine all the samples at once, the complete solution files should be used. To build/examine a single sample, the individual sample solution files should be used.
> **Note:** Some samples require that the Microsoft DirectX SDK (June 2010 or newer) be installed and that the VC++ directory paths are properly set up (**Tools > Options...**). Check DirectX Dependencies section for details."
### Linux
The Linux samples are built using makefiles. To use the makefiles, change the current directory to the sample directory you wish to build, and run make:
```
$ cd <sample_dir>
$ make
```
The samples makefiles can take advantage of certain options:
* **TARGET_ARCH=<arch>** - cross-compile targeting a specific architecture. Allowed architectures are x86_64, ppc64le, armv7l.
By default, TARGET_ARCH is set to HOST_ARCH. On a x86_64 machine, not setting TARGET_ARCH is the equivalent of setting TARGET_ARCH=x86_64.<br/>
`$ make TARGET_ARCH=x86_64` <br/> `$ make TARGET_ARCH=ppc64le` <br/> `$ make TARGET_ARCH=armv7l` <br/>
See [here](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-samples/index.html#cross-samples) for more details.
* **dbg=1** - build with debug symbols
```
$ make dbg=1
```
* **SMS="A B ..."** - override the SM architectures for which the sample will be built, where `"A B ..."` is a space-delimited list of SM architectures. For example, to generate SASS for SM 50 and SM 60, use `SMS="50 60"`.
```
$ make SMS="50 60"
```
* **HOST_COMPILER=<host_compiler>** - override the default g++ host compiler. See the [Linux Installation Guide](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#system-requirements) for a list of supported host compilers.
```
$ make HOST_COMPILER=g++
```
## References (for more details)

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/* Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
// CUDA Runtime
#include <cuda_runtime.h>
// Utilities and system includes
#include <helper_functions.h>
#include <helper_cuda.h>
#include "quasirandomGenerator_common.h"
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CPU code
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
extern "C" void initQuasirandomGenerator(
unsigned int table[QRNG_DIMENSIONS][QRNG_RESOLUTION]);
extern "C" float getQuasirandomValue(
unsigned int table[QRNG_DIMENSIONS][QRNG_RESOLUTION], int i, int dim);
extern "C" double getQuasirandomValue63(INT64 i, int dim);
extern "C" double MoroInvCNDcpu(unsigned int p);
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// GPU code
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
extern "C" void initTableGPU(
unsigned int tableCPU[QRNG_DIMENSIONS][QRNG_RESOLUTION]);
extern "C" void quasirandomGeneratorGPU(float *d_Output, unsigned int seed,
unsigned int N);
extern "C" void inverseCNDgpu(float *d_Output, unsigned int *d_Input,
unsigned int N);
const int N = 1048576;
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
// Start logs
printf("%s Starting...\n\n", argv[0]);
unsigned int tableCPU[QRNG_DIMENSIONS][QRNG_RESOLUTION];
float *h_OutputGPU, *d_Output;
int dim, pos;
double delta, ref, sumDelta, sumRef, L1norm, gpuTime;
StopWatchInterface *hTimer = NULL;
if (sizeof(INT64) != 8) {
printf("sizeof(INT64) != 8\n");
return 0;
}
sdkCreateTimer(&hTimer);
printf("Allocating GPU memory...\n");
checkCudaErrors(
cudaMalloc((void **)&d_Output, QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N * sizeof(float)));
printf("Allocating CPU memory...\n");
h_OutputGPU = (float *)malloc(QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N * sizeof(float));
printf("Initializing QRNG tables...\n\n");
initQuasirandomGenerator(tableCPU);
initTableGPU(tableCPU);
printf("Testing QRNG...\n\n");
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemset(d_Output, 0, QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N * sizeof(float)));
int numIterations = 20;
for (int i = -1; i < numIterations; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
checkCudaErrors(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
sdkResetTimer(&hTimer);
sdkStartTimer(&hTimer);
}
quasirandomGeneratorGPU(d_Output, 0, N);
}
checkCudaErrors(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
sdkStopTimer(&hTimer);
gpuTime = sdkGetTimerValue(&hTimer) / (double)numIterations * 1e-3;
printf(
"quasirandomGenerator, Throughput = %.4f GNumbers/s, Time = %.5f s, Size "
"= %u Numbers, NumDevsUsed = %u, Workgroup = %u\n",
(double)QRNG_DIMENSIONS * (double)N * 1.0E-9 / gpuTime, gpuTime,
QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N, 1, 128 * QRNG_DIMENSIONS);
printf("\nReading GPU results...\n");
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy(h_OutputGPU, d_Output,
QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N * sizeof(float),
cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
printf("Comparing to the CPU results...\n\n");
sumDelta = 0;
sumRef = 0;
for (dim = 0; dim < QRNG_DIMENSIONS; dim++)
for (pos = 0; pos < N; pos++) {
ref = getQuasirandomValue63(pos, dim);
delta = (double)h_OutputGPU[dim * N + pos] - ref;
sumDelta += fabs(delta);
sumRef += fabs(ref);
}
printf("L1 norm: %E\n", sumDelta / sumRef);
printf("\nTesting inverseCNDgpu()...\n\n");
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemset(d_Output, 0, QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N * sizeof(float)));
for (int i = -1; i < numIterations; i++) {
if (i == 0) {
checkCudaErrors(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
sdkResetTimer(&hTimer);
sdkStartTimer(&hTimer);
}
inverseCNDgpu(d_Output, NULL, QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N);
}
checkCudaErrors(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
sdkStopTimer(&hTimer);
gpuTime = sdkGetTimerValue(&hTimer) / (double)numIterations * 1e-3;
printf(
"quasirandomGenerator-inverse, Throughput = %.4f GNumbers/s, Time = %.5f "
"s, Size = %u Numbers, NumDevsUsed = %u, Workgroup = %u\n",
(double)QRNG_DIMENSIONS * (double)N * 1E-9 / gpuTime, gpuTime,
QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N, 1, 128);
printf("Reading GPU results...\n");
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy(h_OutputGPU, d_Output,
QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N * sizeof(float),
cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
printf("\nComparing to the CPU results...\n");
sumDelta = 0;
sumRef = 0;
unsigned int distance = ((unsigned int)-1) / (QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N + 1);
for (pos = 0; pos < QRNG_DIMENSIONS * N; pos++) {
unsigned int d = (pos + 1) * distance;
ref = MoroInvCNDcpu(d);
delta = (double)h_OutputGPU[pos] - ref;
sumDelta += fabs(delta);
sumRef += fabs(ref);
}
printf("L1 norm: %E\n\n", L1norm = sumDelta / sumRef);
printf("Shutting down...\n");
sdkDeleteTimer(&hTimer);
free(h_OutputGPU);
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(d_Output));
exit(L1norm < 1e-6 ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
}

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/* Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef QUASIRANDOMGENERATOR_COMMON_H
#define QUASIRANDOMGENERATOR_COMMON_H
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Global types and constants
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
typedef long long int INT64;
#define QRNG_DIMENSIONS 3
#define QRNG_RESOLUTION 31
#define INT_SCALE (1.0f / (float)0x80000001U)
#endif

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/* Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "quasirandomGenerator_common.h"
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Table generation functions
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Internal 64(63)-bit table
static INT64 cjn[63][QRNG_DIMENSIONS];
static int GeneratePolynomials(int buffer[QRNG_DIMENSIONS], bool primitive) {
int i, j, n, p1, p2, l;
int e_p1, e_p2, e_b;
// generate all polynomials to buffer
for (n = 1, buffer[0] = 0x2, p2 = 0, l = 0; n < QRNG_DIMENSIONS; ++n) {
// search for the next irreducible polynomial
for (p1 = buffer[n - 1] + 1;; ++p1) {
// find degree of polynomial p1
for (e_p1 = 30; (p1 & (1 << e_p1)) == 0; --e_p1) {
}
// try to divide p1 by all polynomials in buffer
for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
// find the degree of buffer[i]
for (e_b = e_p1; (buffer[i] & (1 << e_b)) == 0; --e_b) {
}
// divide p2 by buffer[i] until the end
for (p2 = (buffer[i] << ((e_p2 = e_p1) - e_b)) ^ p1; p2 >= buffer[i];
p2 = (buffer[i] << (e_p2 - e_b)) ^ p2) {
for (; (p2 & (1 << e_p2)) == 0; --e_p2) {
}
} // compute new degree of p2
// division without remainder!!! p1 is not irreducible
if (p2 == 0) {
break;
}
}
// all divisions were with remainder - p1 is irreducible
if (p2 != 0) {
e_p2 = 0;
if (primitive) {
// check that p1 has only one cycle (i.e. is monic, or primitive)
j = ~(0xffffffff << (e_p1 + 1));
e_b = (1 << e_p1) | 0x1;
for (p2 = e_b, e_p2 = (1 << e_p1) - 2; e_p2 > 0; --e_p2) {
p2 <<= 1;
i = p2 & p1;
i = (i & 0x55555555) + ((i >> 1) & 0x55555555);
i = (i & 0x33333333) + ((i >> 2) & 0x33333333);
i = (i & 0x07070707) + ((i >> 4) & 0x07070707);
p2 |= (i % 255) & 1;
if ((p2 & j) == e_b) break;
}
}
// it is monic - add it to the list of polynomials
if (e_p2 == 0) {
buffer[n] = p1;
l += e_p1;
break;
}
}
}
}
return l + 1;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// @misc{Bratley92:LDS,
// author = "B. Fox and P. Bratley and H. Niederreiter",
// title = "Implementation and test of low discrepancy sequences",
// text = "B. L. Fox, P. Bratley, and H. Niederreiter. Implementation and
// test of
// low discrepancy sequences. ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul.,
// 2(3):195--213,
// July 1992.",
// year = "1992" }
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static void GenerateCJ() {
int buffer[QRNG_DIMENSIONS];
int *polynomials;
int n, p1, l, e_p1;
// Niederreiter (in contrast to Sobol) allows to use not primitive, but just
// irreducible polynomials
l = GeneratePolynomials(buffer, false);
// convert all polynomials from buffer to polynomials table
polynomials = new int[l + 2 * QRNG_DIMENSIONS + 1];
for (n = 0, l = 0; n < QRNG_DIMENSIONS; ++n) {
// find degree of polynomial p1
for (p1 = buffer[n], e_p1 = 30; (p1 & (1 << e_p1)) == 0; --e_p1) {
}
// fill polynomials table with values for this polynomial
polynomials[l++] = 1;
for (--e_p1; e_p1 >= 0; --e_p1) {
polynomials[l++] = (p1 >> e_p1) & 1;
}
polynomials[l++] = -1;
}
polynomials[l] = -1;
// irreducible polynomial p
int *p = polynomials, e, d;
// polynomial b
int b_arr[1024], *b, m;
// v array
int v_arr[1024], *v;
// temporary polynomial, required to do multiplication of p and b
int t_arr[1024], *t;
// subsidiary variables
int i, j, u, m1, ip, it;
// cycle over monic irreducible polynomials
for (d = 0; p[0] != -1; p += e + 2) {
// allocate memory for cj array for dimension (ip + 1)
for (i = 0; i < 63; ++i) {
cjn[i][d] = 0;
}
// determine the power of irreducible polynomial
for (e = 0; p[e + 1] != -1; ++e) {
}
// polynomial b in the beginning is just '1'
(b = b_arr + 1023)[m = 0] = 1;
// v array needs only (63 + e - 2) length
v = v_arr + 1023 - (63 + e - 2);
// cycle over all coefficients
for (j = 63 - 1, u = e; j >= 0; --j, ++u) {
if (u == e) {
u = 0;
// multiply b by p (polynomials multiplication)
for (i = 0, t = t_arr + 1023 - (m1 = m); i <= m; ++i) {
t[i] = b[i];
}
b = b_arr + 1023 - (m += e);
for (i = 0; i <= m; ++i) {
b[i] = 0;
for (ip = e - (m - i), it = m1; ip <= e && it >= 0; ++ip, --it) {
if (ip >= 0) {
b[i] ^= p[ip] & t[it];
}
}
}
// multiplication of polynomials finished
// calculate v
for (i = 0; i < m1; ++i) {
v[i] = 0;
}
for (; i < m; ++i) {
v[i] = 1;
}
for (; i <= 63 + e - 2; ++i) {
v[i] = 0;
for (it = 1; it <= m; ++it) {
v[i] ^= v[i - it] & b[it];
}
}
}
// copy calculated v to cj
for (i = 0; i < 63; i++) {
cjn[i][d] |= (INT64)v[i + u] << j;
}
}
++d;
}
delete[] polynomials;
}
// Generate 63-bit quasirandom number for given index and dimension and
// normalize
extern "C" double getQuasirandomValue63(INT64 i, int dim) {
const double INT63_SCALE = (1.0 / (double)0x8000000000000001ULL);
INT64 result = 0;
for (int bit = 0; bit < 63; bit++, i >>= 1)
if (i & 1) result ^= cjn[bit][dim];
return (double)(result + 1) * INT63_SCALE;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Initialization (table setup)
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
extern "C" void initQuasirandomGenerator(
unsigned int table[QRNG_DIMENSIONS][QRNG_RESOLUTION]) {
GenerateCJ();
for (int dim = 0; dim < QRNG_DIMENSIONS; dim++)
for (int bit = 0; bit < QRNG_RESOLUTION; bit++)
table[dim][bit] = (int)((cjn[bit][dim] >> 32) & 0x7FFFFFFF);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Generate 31-bit quasirandom number for given index and dimension
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
extern "C" float getQuasirandomValue(
unsigned int table[QRNG_DIMENSIONS][QRNG_RESOLUTION], int i, int dim) {
int result = 0;
for (int bit = 0; bit < QRNG_RESOLUTION; bit++, i >>= 1)
if (i & 1) result ^= table[dim][bit];
return (float)(result + 1) * INT_SCALE;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Moro's Inverse Cumulative Normal Distribution function approximation
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
extern "C" double MoroInvCNDcpu(unsigned int x) {
const double a1 = 2.50662823884;
const double a2 = -18.61500062529;
const double a3 = 41.39119773534;
const double a4 = -25.44106049637;
const double b1 = -8.4735109309;
const double b2 = 23.08336743743;
const double b3 = -21.06224101826;
const double b4 = 3.13082909833;
const double c1 = 0.337475482272615;
const double c2 = 0.976169019091719;
const double c3 = 0.160797971491821;
const double c4 = 2.76438810333863E-02;
const double c5 = 3.8405729373609E-03;
const double c6 = 3.951896511919E-04;
const double c7 = 3.21767881768E-05;
const double c8 = 2.888167364E-07;
const double c9 = 3.960315187E-07;
double z;
bool negate = false;
// Ensure the conversion to floating point will give a value in the
// range (0,0.5] by restricting the input to the bottom half of the
// input domain. We will later reflect the result if the input was
// originally in the top half of the input domain
if (x >= 0x80000000UL) {
x = 0xffffffffUL - x;
negate = true;
}
// x is now in the range [0,0x80000000) (i.e. [0,0x7fffffff])
// Convert to floating point in (0,0.5]
const double x1 = 1.0 / static_cast<double>(0xffffffffUL);
const double x2 = x1 / 2.0;
double p1 = x * x1 + x2;
// Convert to floating point in (-0.5,0]
double p2 = p1 - 0.5;
// The input to the Moro inversion is p2 which is in the range
// (-0.5,0]. This means that our output will be the negative side
// of the bell curve (which we will reflect if "negate" is true).
// Main body of the bell curve for |p| < 0.42
if (p2 > -0.42) {
z = p2 * p2;
z = p2 * (((a4 * z + a3) * z + a2) * z + a1) /
((((b4 * z + b3) * z + b2) * z + b1) * z + 1.0);
}
// Special case (Chebychev) for tail
else {
z = log(-log(p1));
z = -(c1 + z * (c2 + z * (c3 + z * (c4 + z * (c5 + z * (c6 + z *
(c7 + z * (c8 + z * c9))))))));
}
// If the original input (x) was in the top half of the range, reflect
// to get the positive side of the bell curve
return negate ? -z : z;
}

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/* Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef QUASIRANDOMGENERATOR_KERNEL_CUH
#define QUASIRANDOMGENERATOR_KERNEL_CUH
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <helper_cuda.h>
#include "quasirandomGenerator_common.h"
// Fast integer multiplication
#define MUL(a, b) __umul24(a, b)
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Niederreiter quasirandom number generation kernel
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static __constant__ unsigned int c_Table[QRNG_DIMENSIONS][QRNG_RESOLUTION];
static __global__ void quasirandomGeneratorKernel(float *d_Output,
unsigned int seed,
unsigned int N) {
unsigned int *dimBase = &c_Table[threadIdx.y][0];
unsigned int tid = MUL(blockDim.x, blockIdx.x) + threadIdx.x;
unsigned int threadN = MUL(blockDim.x, gridDim.x);
for (unsigned int pos = tid; pos < N; pos += threadN) {
unsigned int result = 0;
unsigned int data = seed + pos;
for (int bit = 0; bit < QRNG_RESOLUTION; bit++, data >>= 1)
if (data & 1) {
result ^= dimBase[bit];
}
d_Output[MUL(threadIdx.y, N) + pos] = (float)(result + 1) * INT_SCALE;
}
}
// Table initialization routine
extern "C" void initTableGPU(
unsigned int tableCPU[QRNG_DIMENSIONS][QRNG_RESOLUTION]) {
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpyToSymbol(
c_Table, tableCPU,
QRNG_DIMENSIONS * QRNG_RESOLUTION * sizeof(unsigned int)));
}
// Host-side interface
extern "C" void quasirandomGeneratorGPU(float *d_Output, unsigned int seed,
unsigned int N) {
dim3 threads(128, QRNG_DIMENSIONS);
quasirandomGeneratorKernel<<<128, threads>>>(d_Output, seed, N);
getLastCudaError("quasirandomGeneratorKernel() execution failed.\n");
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Moro's Inverse Cumulative Normal Distribution function approximation
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
__device__ inline float MoroInvCNDgpu(unsigned int x) {
const float a1 = 2.50662823884f;
const float a2 = -18.61500062529f;
const float a3 = 41.39119773534f;
const float a4 = -25.44106049637f;
const float b1 = -8.4735109309f;
const float b2 = 23.08336743743f;
const float b3 = -21.06224101826f;
const float b4 = 3.13082909833f;
const float c1 = 0.337475482272615f;
const float c2 = 0.976169019091719f;
const float c3 = 0.160797971491821f;
const float c4 = 2.76438810333863E-02f;
const float c5 = 3.8405729373609E-03f;
const float c6 = 3.951896511919E-04f;
const float c7 = 3.21767881768E-05f;
const float c8 = 2.888167364E-07f;
const float c9 = 3.960315187E-07f;
float z;
bool negate = false;
// Ensure the conversion to floating point will give a value in the
// range (0,0.5] by restricting the input to the bottom half of the
// input domain. We will later reflect the result if the input was
// originally in the top half of the input domain
if (x >= 0x80000000UL) {
x = 0xffffffffUL - x;
negate = true;
}
// x is now in the range [0,0x80000000) (i.e. [0,0x7fffffff])
// Convert to floating point in (0,0.5]
const float x1 = 1.0f / static_cast<float>(0xffffffffUL);
const float x2 = x1 / 2.0f;
float p1 = x * x1 + x2;
// Convert to floating point in (-0.5,0]
float p2 = p1 - 0.5f;
// The input to the Moro inversion is p2 which is in the range
// (-0.5,0]. This means that our output will be the negative side
// of the bell curve (which we will reflect if "negate" is true).
// Main body of the bell curve for |p| < 0.42
if (p2 > -0.42f) {
z = p2 * p2;
z = p2 * (((a4 * z + a3) * z + a2) * z + a1) /
((((b4 * z + b3) * z + b2) * z + b1) * z + 1.0f);
}
// Special case (Chebychev) for tail
else {
z = __logf(-__logf(p1));
z = -(c1 + z * (c2 + z * (c3 + z * (c4 + z * (c5 + z * (c6 + z * (c7 + z
* (c8 + z * c9))))))));
}
// If the original input (x) was in the top half of the range, reflect
// to get the positive side of the bell curve
return negate ? -z : z;
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Main kernel. Choose between transforming
// input sequence and uniform ascending (0, 1) sequence
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
static __global__ void inverseCNDKernel(float *d_Output, unsigned int *d_Input,
unsigned int pathN) {
unsigned int distance = ((unsigned int)-1) / (pathN + 1);
unsigned int tid = MUL(blockDim.x, blockIdx.x) + threadIdx.x;
unsigned int threadN = MUL(blockDim.x, gridDim.x);
// Transform input number sequence if it's supplied
if (d_Input) {
for (unsigned int pos = tid; pos < pathN; pos += threadN) {
unsigned int d = d_Input[pos];
d_Output[pos] = (float)MoroInvCNDgpu(d);
}
}
// Else generate input uniformly placed samples on the fly
// and write to destination
else {
for (unsigned int pos = tid; pos < pathN; pos += threadN) {
unsigned int d = (pos + 1) * distance;
d_Output[pos] = (float)MoroInvCNDgpu(d);
}
}
}
extern "C" void inverseCNDgpu(float *d_Output, unsigned int *d_Input,
unsigned int N) {
inverseCNDKernel<<<128, 128>>>(d_Output, d_Input, N);
getLastCudaError("inverseCNDKernel() execution failed.\n");
}
#endif

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Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
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EndProject
Global
GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
Release|x64 = Release|x64
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
{997E0757-EA74-4A4E-A0FC-47D8C8831A15}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
{997E0757-EA74-4A4E-A0FC-47D8C8831A15}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
{997E0757-EA74-4A4E-A0FC-47D8C8831A15}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
{997E0757-EA74-4A4E-A0FC-47D8C8831A15}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
HideSolutionNode = FALSE
EndGlobalSection
EndGlobal

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