add and update samples for CUDA 11.6

This commit is contained in:
Rutwik Choughule
2022-01-13 11:35:24 +05:30
parent 11de19f00c
commit 2e41896e1b
4615 changed files with 178150 additions and 181350 deletions

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{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Linux",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/**",
"${workspaceFolder}/../../../Common"
],
"defines": [],
"compilerPath": "/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc",
"cStandard": "gnu17",
"cppStandard": "gnu++14",
"intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
"configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.makefile-tools"
}
],
"version": 4
}

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{
"recommendations": [
"nvidia.nsight-vscode-edition",
"ms-vscode.cpptools",
"ms-vscode.makefile-tools"
]
}

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{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "CUDA C++: Launch",
"type": "cuda-gdb",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${workspaceFolder}/shfl_scan"
}
]
}

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{
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "sample",
"type": "shell",
"command": "make dbg=1",
"problemMatcher": ["$nvcc"],
"group": {
"kind": "build",
"isDefault": true
}
}
]
}

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################################################################################
# Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
# * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
# from this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
# PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
# CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
# EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
# PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
# PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
# OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#
################################################################################
#
# Makefile project only supported on Mac OS X and Linux Platforms)
#
################################################################################
# Location of the CUDA Toolkit
CUDA_PATH ?= /usr/local/cuda
##############################
# start deprecated interface #
##############################
ifeq ($(x86_64),1)
$(info WARNING - x86_64 variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=x86_64 instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= x86_64
endif
ifeq ($(ARMv7),1)
$(info WARNING - ARMv7 variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=armv7l instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= armv7l
endif
ifeq ($(aarch64),1)
$(info WARNING - aarch64 variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=aarch64 instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= aarch64
endif
ifeq ($(ppc64le),1)
$(info WARNING - ppc64le variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=ppc64le instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= ppc64le
endif
ifneq ($(GCC),)
$(info WARNING - GCC variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use HOST_COMPILER=$(GCC) instead)
HOST_COMPILER ?= $(GCC)
endif
ifneq ($(abi),)
$(error ERROR - abi variable has been removed)
endif
############################
# end deprecated interface #
############################
# architecture
HOST_ARCH := $(shell uname -m)
TARGET_ARCH ?= $(HOST_ARCH)
ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),x86_64 aarch64 sbsa ppc64le armv7l))
ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),x86_64 aarch64 sbsa ppc64le))
TARGET_SIZE := 64
else ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),armv7l))
TARGET_SIZE := 32
endif
else
TARGET_SIZE := $(shell getconf LONG_BIT)
endif
else
$(error ERROR - unsupported value $(TARGET_ARCH) for TARGET_ARCH!)
endif
# sbsa and aarch64 systems look similar. Need to differentiate them at host level for now.
ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH),aarch64)
ifeq ($(CUDA_PATH)/targets/sbsa-linux,$(shell ls -1d $(CUDA_PATH)/targets/sbsa-linux 2>/dev/null))
HOST_ARCH := sbsa
TARGET_ARCH := sbsa
endif
endif
ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifeq (,$(filter $(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH),aarch64-armv7l x86_64-armv7l x86_64-aarch64 x86_64-sbsa x86_64-ppc64le))
$(error ERROR - cross compiling from $(HOST_ARCH) to $(TARGET_ARCH) is not supported!)
endif
endif
# When on native aarch64 system with userspace of 32-bit, change TARGET_ARCH to armv7l
ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_SIZE),aarch64-aarch64-32)
TARGET_ARCH = armv7l
endif
# operating system
HOST_OS := $(shell uname -s 2>/dev/null | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")
TARGET_OS ?= $(HOST_OS)
ifeq (,$(filter $(TARGET_OS),linux darwin qnx android))
$(error ERROR - unsupported value $(TARGET_OS) for TARGET_OS!)
endif
# host compiler
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),darwin)
ifeq ($(shell expr `xcodebuild -version | grep -i xcode | awk '{print $$2}' | cut -d'.' -f1` \>= 5),1)
HOST_COMPILER ?= clang++
endif
else ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH),x86_64-armv7l)
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),linux)
HOST_COMPILER ?= arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),qnx)
ifeq ($(QNX_HOST),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_HOST must be passed to the QNX host toolchain)
endif
ifeq ($(QNX_TARGET),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_TARGET must be passed to the QNX target toolchain)
endif
export QNX_HOST
export QNX_TARGET
HOST_COMPILER ?= $(QNX_HOST)/usr/bin/arm-unknown-nto-qnx6.6.0eabi-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),android)
HOST_COMPILER ?= arm-linux-androideabi-g++
endif
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),aarch64)
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS), linux)
HOST_COMPILER ?= aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),qnx)
ifeq ($(QNX_HOST),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_HOST must be passed to the QNX host toolchain)
endif
ifeq ($(QNX_TARGET),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_TARGET must be passed to the QNX target toolchain)
endif
export QNX_HOST
export QNX_TARGET
HOST_COMPILER ?= $(QNX_HOST)/usr/bin/q++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS), android)
HOST_COMPILER ?= aarch64-linux-android-clang++
endif
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),sbsa)
HOST_COMPILER ?= aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),ppc64le)
HOST_COMPILER ?= powerpc64le-linux-gnu-g++
endif
endif
HOST_COMPILER ?= g++
NVCC := $(CUDA_PATH)/bin/nvcc -ccbin $(HOST_COMPILER)
# internal flags
NVCCFLAGS := -m${TARGET_SIZE}
CCFLAGS :=
LDFLAGS :=
# build flags
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),darwin)
LDFLAGS += -rpath $(CUDA_PATH)/lib
CCFLAGS += -arch $(HOST_ARCH)
else ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),x86_64-armv7l-linux)
LDFLAGS += --dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux-armhf.so.3
CCFLAGS += -mfloat-abi=hard
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),android)
LDFLAGS += -pie
CCFLAGS += -fpie -fpic -fexceptions
endif
ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-linux)
ifneq ($(TARGET_FS),)
GCCVERSIONLTEQ46 := $(shell expr `$(HOST_COMPILER) -dumpversion` \<= 4.6)
ifeq ($(GCCVERSIONLTEQ46),1)
CCFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
endif
LDFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf
endif
endif
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-linux)
ifneq ($(TARGET_FS),)
GCCVERSIONLTEQ46 := $(shell expr `$(HOST_COMPILER) -dumpversion` \<= 4.6)
ifeq ($(GCCVERSIONLTEQ46),1)
CCFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
endif
LDFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/lib -L$(TARGET_FS)/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu -L$(TARGET_FS)/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu
LDFLAGS += --unresolved-symbols=ignore-in-shared-libs
CCFLAGS += -isystem=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include -I$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include -I$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include/libdrm
CCFLAGS += -isystem=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu -I$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu
endif
endif
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-qnx)
NVCCFLAGS += -D_QNX_SOURCE
NVCCFLAGS += --qpp-config 8.3.0,gcc_ntoaarch64le
CCFLAGS += -DWIN_INTERFACE_CUSTOM -I/usr/include/aarch64-qnx-gnu
LDFLAGS += -lsocket
LDFLAGS += -L/usr/lib/aarch64-qnx-gnu
CCFLAGS += "-Wl\,-rpath-link\,/usr/lib/aarch64-qnx-gnu"
ifdef TARGET_OVERRIDE
LDFLAGS += -lslog2
endif
ifneq ($(TARGET_FS),)
LDFLAGS += -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib
CCFLAGS += "-Wl\,-rpath-link\,$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib"
LDFLAGS += -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/libnvidia
CCFLAGS += "-Wl\,-rpath-link\,$(TARGET_FS)/usr/libnvidia"
CCFLAGS += -I$(TARGET_FS)/../include
endif
endif
endif
ifdef TARGET_OVERRIDE # cuda toolkit targets override
NVCCFLAGS += -target-dir $(TARGET_OVERRIDE)
endif
# Install directory of different arch
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR :=
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-linux)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/armv7-linux-gnueabihf/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-linux)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/aarch64-linux/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),sbsa-linux)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/sbsa-linux/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-android)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/armv7-linux-androideabi/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-android)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/aarch64-linux-androideabi/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-qnx)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/ARMv7-linux-QNX/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-qnx)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/aarch64-qnx/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),ppc64le)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/ppc64le-linux/
endif
# Debug build flags
ifeq ($(dbg),1)
NVCCFLAGS += -g -G
BUILD_TYPE := debug
else
BUILD_TYPE := release
endif
ALL_CCFLAGS :=
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(NVCCFLAGS)
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(EXTRA_NVCCFLAGS)
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xcompiler ,$(CCFLAGS))
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xcompiler ,$(EXTRA_CCFLAGS))
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 1
# This sample is not supported on QNX
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),qnx)
$(info >>> WARNING - shfl_scan is not supported on QNX - waiving sample <<<)
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 0
endif
ALL_LDFLAGS :=
ALL_LDFLAGS += $(ALL_CCFLAGS)
ALL_LDFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xlinker ,$(LDFLAGS))
ALL_LDFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xlinker ,$(EXTRA_LDFLAGS))
# Common includes and paths for CUDA
INCLUDES := -I../../../Common
LIBRARIES :=
################################################################################
#Detect if installed version of GCC supports required C++11
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),linux)
empty :=
space := $(empty) $(empty)
GCCVERSIONSTRING := $(shell expr `$(HOST_COMPILER) -dumpversion`)
#Create version number without "."
GCCVERSION := $(shell expr `echo $(GCCVERSIONSTRING)` | cut -f1 -d.)
GCCVERSION += $(shell expr `echo $(GCCVERSIONSTRING)` | cut -f2 -d.)
GCCVERSION += $(shell expr `echo $(GCCVERSIONSTRING)` | cut -f3 -d.)
# Make sure the version number has at least 3 decimals
GCCVERSION += 00
# Remove spaces from the version number
GCCVERSION := $(subst $(space),$(empty),$(GCCVERSION))
#$(warning $(GCCVERSION))
IS_MIN_VERSION := $(shell expr `echo $(GCCVERSION)` \>= 47000)
ifeq ($(IS_MIN_VERSION), 1)
$(info >>> GCC Version is greater or equal to 4.7.0 <<<)
else
$(info >>> Waiving build. Minimum GCC version required is 4.7.0<<<)
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 0
endif
endif
# Gencode arguments
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),armv7l aarch64 sbsa))
SMS ?= 53 61 70 72 75 80 86 87
else
SMS ?= 35 37 50 52 60 61 70 75 80 86
endif
ifeq ($(SMS),)
$(info >>> WARNING - no SM architectures have been specified - waiving sample <<<)
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 0
endif
ifeq ($(GENCODE_FLAGS),)
# Generate SASS code for each SM architecture listed in $(SMS)
$(foreach sm,$(SMS),$(eval GENCODE_FLAGS += -gencode arch=compute_$(sm),code=sm_$(sm)))
# Generate PTX code from the highest SM architecture in $(SMS) to guarantee forward-compatibility
HIGHEST_SM := $(lastword $(sort $(SMS)))
ifneq ($(HIGHEST_SM),)
GENCODE_FLAGS += -gencode arch=compute_$(HIGHEST_SM),code=compute_$(HIGHEST_SM)
endif
endif
ALL_CCFLAGS += --std=c++11 -O3 --threads 0
ifeq ($(SAMPLE_ENABLED),0)
EXEC ?= @echo "[@]"
endif
################################################################################
# Target rules
all: build
build: shfl_scan
check.deps:
ifeq ($(SAMPLE_ENABLED),0)
@echo "Sample will be waived due to the above missing dependencies"
else
@echo "Sample is ready - all dependencies have been met"
endif
shfl_scan.o:shfl_scan.cu
$(EXEC) $(NVCC) $(INCLUDES) $(ALL_CCFLAGS) $(GENCODE_FLAGS) -o $@ -c $<
shfl_scan: shfl_scan.o
$(EXEC) $(NVCC) $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(GENCODE_FLAGS) -o $@ $+ $(LIBRARIES)
$(EXEC) mkdir -p ../../../bin/$(TARGET_ARCH)/$(TARGET_OS)/$(BUILD_TYPE)
$(EXEC) cp $@ ../../../bin/$(TARGET_ARCH)/$(TARGET_OS)/$(BUILD_TYPE)
run: build
$(EXEC) ./shfl_scan
testrun: build
clean:
rm -f shfl_scan shfl_scan.o
rm -rf ../../../bin/$(TARGET_ARCH)/$(TARGET_OS)/$(BUILD_TYPE)/shfl_scan
clobber: clean

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE entry SYSTEM "SamplesInfo.dtd">
<entry>
<name>shfl_scan</name>
<cflags>
<flag>--std=c++11</flag>
<flag>-O3</flag>
</cflags>
<cuda_api_list>
<toolkit>cudaMemset</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaFree</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaEventRecord</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaMallocHost</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaEventCreate</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaEventElapsedTime</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaEventSynchronize</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaFreeHost</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaMalloc</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaMemcpy</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaGetDeviceProperties</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaGetDevice</toolkit>
</cuda_api_list>
<description><![CDATA[This example demonstrates how to use the shuffle intrinsic __shfl_up_sync to perform a scan operation across a thread block. ]]></description>
<devicecompilation>whole</devicecompilation>
<includepaths>
<path>./</path>
<path>../</path>
<path>../../../Common</path>
</includepaths>
<keyconcepts>
<concept level="advanced">Data-Parallel Algorithms</concept>
<concept level="advanced">Performance Strategies</concept>
</keyconcepts>
<keywords>
<keyword>GPGPU</keyword>
<keyword>CPP11</keyword>
<keyword>CUDA</keyword>
<keyword>scan</keyword>
<keyword>parallel prefix sum</keyword>
<keyword>Data-Parallel Algorithms</keyword>
</keywords>
<libraries>
</libraries>
<librarypaths>
</librarypaths>
<nsight_eclipse>true</nsight_eclipse>
<primary_file>shfl_scan.cu</primary_file>
<required_dependencies>
<dependency>CPP11</dependency>
</required_dependencies>
<scopes>
<scope>1:CUDA Advanced Topics</scope>
<scope>1:Data-Parallel Algorithms</scope>
<scope>1:Performance Strategies</scope>
</scopes>
<sm-arch>sm35</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm37</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm50</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm52</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm53</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm60</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm61</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm70</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm72</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm75</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm80</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm86</sm-arch>
<sm-arch>sm87</sm-arch>
<supported_envs>
<env>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<platform>linux</platform>
</env>
<env>
<platform>windows7</platform>
</env>
<env>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<platform>macosx</platform>
</env>
<env>
<arch>arm</arch>
</env>
<env>
<arch>aarch64</arch>
</env>
<env>
<arch>sbsa</arch>
</env>
<env>
<arch>ppc64le</arch>
<platform>linux</platform>
</env>
</supported_envs>
<supported_sm_architectures>
<from>3.5</from>
</supported_sm_architectures>
<title>CUDA Parallel Prefix Sum with Shuffle Intrinsics (SHFL_Scan)</title>
<type>exe</type>
</entry>

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# shfl_scan - CUDA Parallel Prefix Sum with Shuffle Intrinsics (SHFL_Scan)
## Description
This example demonstrates how to use the shuffle intrinsic __shfl_up_sync to perform a scan operation across a thread block.
## Key Concepts
Data-Parallel Algorithms, Performance Strategies
## Supported SM Architectures
[SM 3.5 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 3.7 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 5.0 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 5.2 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 5.3 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 6.0 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 6.1 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 7.0 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 7.2 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 7.5 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 8.0 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 8.6 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus) [SM 8.7 ](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-gpus)
## Supported OSes
Linux, Windows
## Supported CPU Architecture
x86_64, ppc64le, armv7l, aarch64
## CUDA APIs involved
### [CUDA Runtime API](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-runtime-api/index.html)
cudaMemset, cudaFree, cudaEventRecord, cudaMallocHost, cudaEventCreate, cudaEventElapsedTime, cudaEventSynchronize, cudaFreeHost, cudaMalloc, cudaMemcpy, cudaGetDeviceProperties, cudaGetDevice
## Dependencies needed to build/run
[CPP11](../../README.md#cpp11)
## Prerequisites
Download and install the [CUDA Toolkit 11.6](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads) for your corresponding platform.
Make sure the dependencies mentioned in [Dependencies]() section above are installed.
## Build and Run
### Windows
The Windows samples are built using the Visual Studio IDE. Solution files (.sln) are provided for each supported version of Visual Studio, using the format:
```
*_vs<version>.sln - for Visual Studio <version>
```
Each individual sample has its own set of solution files in its directory:
To build/examine all the samples at once, the complete solution files should be used. To build/examine a single sample, the individual sample solution files should be used.
> **Note:** Some samples require that the Microsoft DirectX SDK (June 2010 or newer) be installed and that the VC++ directory paths are properly set up (**Tools > Options...**). Check DirectX Dependencies section for details."
### Linux
The Linux samples are built using makefiles. To use the makefiles, change the current directory to the sample directory you wish to build, and run make:
```
$ cd <sample_dir>
$ make
```
The samples makefiles can take advantage of certain options:
* **TARGET_ARCH=<arch>** - cross-compile targeting a specific architecture. Allowed architectures are x86_64, ppc64le, armv7l, aarch64.
By default, TARGET_ARCH is set to HOST_ARCH. On a x86_64 machine, not setting TARGET_ARCH is the equivalent of setting TARGET_ARCH=x86_64.<br/>
`$ make TARGET_ARCH=x86_64` <br/> `$ make TARGET_ARCH=ppc64le` <br/> `$ make TARGET_ARCH=armv7l` <br/> `$ make TARGET_ARCH=aarch64` <br/>
See [here](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-samples/index.html#cross-samples) for more details.
* **dbg=1** - build with debug symbols
```
$ make dbg=1
```
* **SMS="A B ..."** - override the SM architectures for which the sample will be built, where `"A B ..."` is a space-delimited list of SM architectures. For example, to generate SASS for SM 50 and SM 60, use `SMS="50 60"`.
```
$ make SMS="50 60"
```
* **HOST_COMPILER=<host_compiler>** - override the default g++ host compiler. See the [Linux Installation Guide](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#system-requirements) for a list of supported host compilers.
```
$ make HOST_COMPILER=g++
```
## References (for more details)

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/* Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <cooperative_groups.h>
namespace cg = cooperative_groups;
// Utility function to extract unsigned chars from an
// unsigned integer
__device__ uchar4 uint_to_uchar4(const unsigned int in) {
return make_uchar4((in & 0x000000ff) >> 0, (in & 0x0000ff00) >> 8,
(in & 0x00ff0000) >> 16, (in & 0xff000000) >> 24);
}
// Utility for dealing with vector data at different levels.
struct packed_result {
uint4 x, y, z, w;
};
__device__ packed_result get_prefix_sum(const uint4 &data,
const cg::thread_block &cta) {
const auto tile = cg::tiled_partition<32>(cta);
__shared__ unsigned int sums[128];
const unsigned int lane_id = tile.thread_rank();
const unsigned int warp_id = tile.meta_group_rank();
unsigned int result[16] = {};
{
const uchar4 a = uint_to_uchar4(data.x);
const uchar4 b = uint_to_uchar4(data.y);
const uchar4 c = uint_to_uchar4(data.z);
const uchar4 d = uint_to_uchar4(data.w);
result[0] = a.x;
result[1] = a.x + a.y;
result[2] = a.x + a.y + a.z;
result[3] = a.x + a.y + a.z + a.w;
result[4] = b.x;
result[5] = b.x + b.y;
result[6] = b.x + b.y + b.z;
result[7] = b.x + b.y + b.z + b.w;
result[8] = c.x;
result[9] = c.x + c.y;
result[10] = c.x + c.y + c.z;
result[11] = c.x + c.y + c.z + c.w;
result[12] = d.x;
result[13] = d.x + d.y;
result[14] = d.x + d.y + d.z;
result[15] = d.x + d.y + d.z + d.w;
}
#pragma unroll
for (unsigned int i = 4; i <= 7; i++) result[i] += result[3];
#pragma unroll
for (unsigned int i = 8; i <= 11; i++) result[i] += result[7];
#pragma unroll
for (unsigned int i = 12; i <= 15; i++) result[i] += result[11];
unsigned int sum = result[15];
// the prefix sum for each thread's 16 value is computed,
// now the final sums (result[15]) need to be shared
// with the other threads and add. To do this,
// the __shfl_up() instruction is used and a shuffle scan
// operation is performed to distribute the sums to the correct
// threads
#pragma unroll
for (unsigned int i = 1; i < 32; i *= 2) {
const unsigned int n = tile.shfl_up(sum, i);
if (lane_id >= i) {
#pragma unroll
for (unsigned int j = 0; j < 16; j++) {
result[j] += n;
}
sum += n;
}
}
// Now the final sum for the warp must be shared
// between warps. This is done by each warp
// having a thread store to shared memory, then
// having some other warp load the values and
// compute a prefix sum, again by using __shfl_up.
// The results are uniformly added back to the warps.
// last thread in the warp holding sum of the warp
// places that in shared
if (tile.thread_rank() == (tile.size() - 1)) {
sums[warp_id] = result[15];
}
__syncthreads();
if (warp_id == 0) {
unsigned int warp_sum = sums[lane_id];
#pragma unroll
for (unsigned int i = 1; i <= 16; i *= 2) {
const unsigned int n = tile.shfl_up(warp_sum, i);
if (lane_id >= i) warp_sum += n;
}
sums[lane_id] = warp_sum;
}
__syncthreads();
// fold in unused warp
if (warp_id > 0) {
const unsigned int blockSum = sums[warp_id - 1];
#pragma unroll
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {
result[i] += blockSum;
}
}
packed_result out;
memcpy(&out, result, sizeof(out));
return out;
}
// This function demonstrates some uses of the shuffle instruction
// in the generation of an integral image (also
// called a summed area table)
// The approach is two pass, a horizontal (scanline) then a vertical
// (column) pass.
// This is the horizontal pass kernel.
__global__ void shfl_intimage_rows(const uint4 *img, uint4 *integral_image) {
const auto cta = cg::this_thread_block();
const auto tile = cg::tiled_partition<32>(cta);
const unsigned int id = threadIdx.x;
// pointer to head of current scanline
const uint4 *scanline = &img[blockIdx.x * 120];
packed_result result = get_prefix_sum(scanline[id], cta);
// This access helper allows packed_result to stay optimized as registers
// rather than spill to stack
auto idxToElem = [&result](unsigned int idx) -> const uint4 {
switch (idx) {
case 0:
return result.x;
case 1:
return result.y;
case 2:
return result.z;
case 3:
return result.w;
}
return {};
};
// assemble result
// Each thread has 16 values to write, which are
// now integer data (to avoid overflow). Instead of
// each thread writing consecutive uint4s, the
// approach shown here experiments using
// the shuffle command to reformat the data
// inside the registers so that each thread holds
// consecutive data to be written so larger contiguous
// segments can be assembled for writing.
/*
For example data that needs to be written as
GMEM[16] <- x0 x1 x2 x3 y0 y1 y2 y3 z0 z1 z2 z3 w0 w1 w2 w3
but is stored in registers (r0..r3), in four threads (0..3) as:
threadId 0 1 2 3
r0 x0 y0 z0 w0
r1 x1 y1 z1 w1
r2 x2 y2 z2 w2
r3 x3 y3 z3 w3
after apply __shfl_xor operations to move data between registers r1..r3:
threadId 00 01 10 11
x0 y0 z0 w0
xor(01)->y1 x1 w1 z1
xor(10)->z2 w2 x2 y2
xor(11)->w3 z3 y3 x3
and now x0..x3, and z0..z3 can be written out in order by all threads.
In the current code, each register above is actually representing
four integers to be written as uint4's to GMEM.
*/
const unsigned int idMask = id & 3;
const unsigned int idSwizzle = (id + 2) & 3;
const unsigned int idShift = (id >> 2) << 4;
const unsigned int blockOffset = blockIdx.x * 480;
// Use CG tile to warp shuffle vector types
result.y = tile.shfl_xor(result.y, 1);
result.z = tile.shfl_xor(result.z, 2);
result.w = tile.shfl_xor(result.w, 3);
// First batch
integral_image[blockOffset + idMask + idShift] = idxToElem(idMask);
// Second batch offset by 2
integral_image[blockOffset + idSwizzle + idShift + 8] = idxToElem(idSwizzle);
// continuing from the above example,
// this use of __shfl_xor() places the y0..y3 and w0..w3 data
// in order.
result.x = tile.shfl_xor(result.x, 1);
result.y = tile.shfl_xor(result.y, 1);
result.z = tile.shfl_xor(result.z, 1);
result.w = tile.shfl_xor(result.w, 1);
// First batch
integral_image[blockOffset + idMask + idShift + 4] = idxToElem(idMask);
// Second batch offset by 2
integral_image[blockOffset + idSwizzle + idShift + 12] = idxToElem(idSwizzle);
}
// This kernel computes columnwise prefix sums. When the data input is
// the row sums from above, this completes the integral image.
// The approach here is to have each block compute a local set of sums.
// First , the data covered by the block is loaded into shared memory,
// then instead of performing a sum in shared memory using __syncthreads
// between stages, the data is reformatted so that the necessary sums
// occur inside warps and the shuffle scan operation is used.
// The final set of sums from the block is then propagated, with the block
// computing "down" the image and adding the running sum to the local
// block sums.
__global__ void shfl_vertical_shfl(unsigned int *img, int width, int height) {
__shared__ unsigned int sums[32][9];
int tidx = blockIdx.x * blockDim.x + threadIdx.x;
// int warp_id = threadIdx.x / warpSize ;
unsigned int lane_id = tidx % 8;
// int rows_per_thread = (height / blockDim. y) ;
// int start_row = rows_per_thread * threadIdx.y;
unsigned int stepSum = 0;
unsigned int mask = 0xffffffff;
sums[threadIdx.x][threadIdx.y] = 0;
__syncthreads();
for (int step = 0; step < 135; step++) {
unsigned int sum = 0;
unsigned int *p = img + (threadIdx.y + step * 8) * width + tidx;
sum = *p;
sums[threadIdx.x][threadIdx.y] = sum;
__syncthreads();
// place into SMEM
// shfl scan reduce the SMEM, reformating so the column
// sums are computed in a warp
// then read out properly
int partial_sum = 0;
int j = threadIdx.x % 8;
int k = threadIdx.x / 8 + threadIdx.y * 4;
partial_sum = sums[k][j];
for (int i = 1; i <= 8; i *= 2) {
int n = __shfl_up_sync(mask, partial_sum, i, 32);
if (lane_id >= i) partial_sum += n;
}
sums[k][j] = partial_sum;
__syncthreads();
if (threadIdx.y > 0) {
sum += sums[threadIdx.x][threadIdx.y - 1];
}
sum += stepSum;
stepSum += sums[threadIdx.x][blockDim.y - 1];
__syncthreads();
*p = sum;
}
}

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/* Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
// Shuffle intrinsics CUDA Sample
// This sample demonstrates the use of the shuffle intrinsic
// First, a simple example of a prefix sum using the shuffle to
// perform a scan operation is provided.
// Secondly, a more involved example of computing an integral image
// using the shuffle intrinsic is provided, where the shuffle
// scan operation and shuffle xor operations are used
#include <stdio.h>
#include <cuda_runtime.h>
#include <helper_cuda.h>
#include <helper_functions.h>
#include "shfl_integral_image.cuh"
// Scan using shfl - takes log2(n) steps
// This function demonstrates basic use of the shuffle intrinsic, __shfl_up,
// to perform a scan operation across a block.
// First, it performs a scan (prefix sum in this case) inside a warp
// Then to continue the scan operation across the block,
// each warp's sum is placed into shared memory. A single warp
// then performs a shuffle scan on that shared memory. The results
// are then uniformly added to each warp's threads.
// This pyramid type approach is continued by placing each block's
// final sum in global memory and prefix summing that via another kernel call,
// then uniformly adding across the input data via the uniform_add<<<>>> kernel.
__global__ void shfl_scan_test(int *data, int width, int *partial_sums = NULL) {
extern __shared__ int sums[];
int id = ((blockIdx.x * blockDim.x) + threadIdx.x);
int lane_id = id % warpSize;
// determine a warp_id within a block
int warp_id = threadIdx.x / warpSize;
// Below is the basic structure of using a shfl instruction
// for a scan.
// Record "value" as a variable - we accumulate it along the way
int value = data[id];
// Now accumulate in log steps up the chain
// compute sums, with another thread's value who is
// distance delta away (i). Note
// those threads where the thread 'i' away would have
// been out of bounds of the warp are unaffected. This
// creates the scan sum.
#pragma unroll
for (int i = 1; i <= width; i *= 2) {
unsigned int mask = 0xffffffff;
int n = __shfl_up_sync(mask, value, i, width);
if (lane_id >= i) value += n;
}
// value now holds the scan value for the individual thread
// next sum the largest values for each warp
// write the sum of the warp to smem
if (threadIdx.x % warpSize == warpSize - 1) {
sums[warp_id] = value;
}
__syncthreads();
//
// scan sum the warp sums
// the same shfl scan operation, but performed on warp sums
//
if (warp_id == 0 && lane_id < (blockDim.x / warpSize)) {
int warp_sum = sums[lane_id];
int mask = (1 << (blockDim.x / warpSize)) - 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= (blockDim.x / warpSize); i *= 2) {
int n = __shfl_up_sync(mask, warp_sum, i, (blockDim.x / warpSize));
if (lane_id >= i) warp_sum += n;
}
sums[lane_id] = warp_sum;
}
__syncthreads();
// perform a uniform add across warps in the block
// read neighbouring warp's sum and add it to threads value
int blockSum = 0;
if (warp_id > 0) {
blockSum = sums[warp_id - 1];
}
value += blockSum;
// Now write out our result
data[id] = value;
// last thread has sum, write write out the block's sum
if (partial_sums != NULL && threadIdx.x == blockDim.x - 1) {
partial_sums[blockIdx.x] = value;
}
}
// Uniform add: add partial sums array
__global__ void uniform_add(int *data, int *partial_sums, int len) {
__shared__ int buf;
int id = ((blockIdx.x * blockDim.x) + threadIdx.x);
if (id > len) return;
if (threadIdx.x == 0) {
buf = partial_sums[blockIdx.x];
}
__syncthreads();
data[id] += buf;
}
static unsigned int iDivUp(unsigned int dividend, unsigned int divisor) {
return ((dividend % divisor) == 0) ? (dividend / divisor)
: (dividend / divisor + 1);
}
// This function verifies the shuffle scan result, for the simple
// prefix sum case.
bool CPUverify(int *h_data, int *h_result, int n_elements) {
// cpu verify
for (int i = 0; i < n_elements - 1; i++) {
h_data[i + 1] = h_data[i] + h_data[i + 1];
}
int diff = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < n_elements; i++) {
diff += h_data[i] - h_result[i];
}
printf("CPU verify result diff (GPUvsCPU) = %d\n", diff);
bool bTestResult = false;
if (diff == 0) bTestResult = true;
StopWatchInterface *hTimer = NULL;
sdkCreateTimer(&hTimer);
sdkResetTimer(&hTimer);
sdkStartTimer(&hTimer);
for (int j = 0; j < 100; j++)
for (int i = 0; i < n_elements - 1; i++) {
h_data[i + 1] = h_data[i] + h_data[i + 1];
}
sdkStopTimer(&hTimer);
double cput = sdkGetTimerValue(&hTimer);
printf("CPU sum (naive) took %f ms\n", cput / 100);
return bTestResult;
}
// this verifies the row scan result for synthetic data of all 1's
unsigned int verifyDataRowSums(unsigned int *h_image, int w, int h) {
unsigned int diff = 0;
for (int j = 0; j < h; j++) {
for (int i = 0; i < w; i++) {
int gold = i + 1;
diff +=
abs(static_cast<int>(gold) - static_cast<int>(h_image[j * w + i]));
}
}
return diff;
}
bool shuffle_simple_test(int argc, char **argv) {
int *h_data, *h_partial_sums, *h_result;
int *d_data, *d_partial_sums;
const int n_elements = 65536;
int sz = sizeof(int) * n_elements;
int cuda_device = 0;
printf("Starting shfl_scan\n");
// use command-line specified CUDA device, otherwise use device with highest
// Gflops/s
cuda_device = findCudaDevice(argc, (const char **)argv);
cudaDeviceProp deviceProp;
checkCudaErrors(cudaGetDevice(&cuda_device));
checkCudaErrors(cudaGetDeviceProperties(&deviceProp, cuda_device));
printf("> Detected Compute SM %d.%d hardware with %d multi-processors\n",
deviceProp.major, deviceProp.minor, deviceProp.multiProcessorCount);
// __shfl intrinsic needs SM 3.0 or higher
if (deviceProp.major < 3) {
printf("> __shfl() intrinsic requires device SM 3.0+\n");
printf("> Waiving test.\n");
exit(EXIT_WAIVED);
}
checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocHost(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&h_data),
sizeof(int) * n_elements));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocHost(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&h_result),
sizeof(int) * n_elements));
// initialize data:
printf("Computing Simple Sum test\n");
printf("---------------------------------------------------\n");
printf("Initialize test data [1, 1, 1...]\n");
for (int i = 0; i < n_elements; i++) {
h_data[i] = 1;
}
int blockSize = 256;
int gridSize = n_elements / blockSize;
int nWarps = blockSize / 32;
int shmem_sz = nWarps * sizeof(int);
int n_partialSums = n_elements / blockSize;
int partial_sz = n_partialSums * sizeof(int);
printf("Scan summation for %d elements, %d partial sums\n", n_elements,
n_elements / blockSize);
int p_blockSize = min(n_partialSums, blockSize);
int p_gridSize = iDivUp(n_partialSums, p_blockSize);
printf("Partial summing %d elements with %d blocks of size %d\n",
n_partialSums, p_gridSize, p_blockSize);
// initialize a timer
cudaEvent_t start, stop;
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventCreate(&start));
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventCreate(&stop));
float et = 0;
float inc = 0;
checkCudaErrors(cudaMalloc(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&d_data), sz));
checkCudaErrors(
cudaMalloc(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&d_partial_sums), partial_sz));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemset(d_partial_sums, 0, partial_sz));
checkCudaErrors(
cudaMallocHost(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&h_partial_sums), partial_sz));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy(d_data, h_data, sz, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice));
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventRecord(start, 0));
shfl_scan_test<<<gridSize, blockSize, shmem_sz>>>(d_data, 32, d_partial_sums);
shfl_scan_test<<<p_gridSize, p_blockSize, shmem_sz>>>(d_partial_sums, 32);
uniform_add<<<gridSize - 1, blockSize>>>(d_data + blockSize, d_partial_sums,
n_elements);
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventRecord(stop, 0));
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventSynchronize(stop));
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventElapsedTime(&inc, start, stop));
et += inc;
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy(h_result, d_data, sz, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemcpy(h_partial_sums, d_partial_sums, partial_sz,
cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
printf("Test Sum: %d\n", h_partial_sums[n_partialSums - 1]);
printf("Time (ms): %f\n", et);
printf("%d elements scanned in %f ms -> %f MegaElements/s\n", n_elements, et,
n_elements / (et / 1000.0f) / 1000000.0f);
bool bTestResult = CPUverify(h_data, h_result, n_elements);
checkCudaErrors(cudaFreeHost(h_data));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFreeHost(h_result));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFreeHost(h_partial_sums));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(d_data));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(d_partial_sums));
return bTestResult;
}
// This function tests creation of an integral image using
// synthetic data, of size 1920x1080 pixels greyscale.
bool shuffle_integral_image_test() {
char *d_data;
unsigned int *h_image;
unsigned int *d_integral_image;
int w = 1920;
int h = 1080;
int n_elements = w * h;
int sz = sizeof(unsigned int) * n_elements;
printf("\nComputing Integral Image Test on size %d x %d synthetic data\n", w,
h);
printf("---------------------------------------------------\n");
checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocHost(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&h_image), sz));
// fill test "image" with synthetic 1's data
memset(h_image, 0, sz);
// each thread handles 16 values, use 1 block/row
int blockSize = iDivUp(w, 16);
// launch 1 block / row
int gridSize = h;
// Create a synthetic image for testing
checkCudaErrors(cudaMalloc(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&d_data), sz));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMalloc(reinterpret_cast<void **>(&d_integral_image),
n_elements * sizeof(int) * 4));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemset(d_data, 1, sz));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMemset(d_integral_image, 0, sz));
cudaEvent_t start, stop;
cudaEventCreate(&start);
cudaEventCreate(&stop);
float et = 0;
unsigned int err;
// Execute scan line prefix sum kernel, and time it
cudaEventRecord(start);
shfl_intimage_rows<<<gridSize, blockSize>>>(
reinterpret_cast<uint4 *>(d_data),
reinterpret_cast<uint4 *>(d_integral_image));
cudaEventRecord(stop);
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventSynchronize(stop));
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventElapsedTime(&et, start, stop));
printf("Method: Fast Time (GPU Timer): %f ms ", et);
// verify the scan line results
checkCudaErrors(
cudaMemcpy(h_image, d_integral_image, sz, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
err = verifyDataRowSums(h_image, w, h);
printf("Diff = %d\n", err);
// Execute column prefix sum kernel and time it
dim3 blockSz(32, 8);
dim3 testGrid(w / blockSz.x, 1);
cudaEventRecord(start);
shfl_vertical_shfl<<<testGrid, blockSz>>>((unsigned int *)d_integral_image, w,
h);
cudaEventRecord(stop);
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventSynchronize(stop));
checkCudaErrors(cudaEventElapsedTime(&et, start, stop));
printf("Method: Vertical Scan Time (GPU Timer): %f ms ", et);
// Verify the column results
checkCudaErrors(
cudaMemcpy(h_image, d_integral_image, sz, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost));
printf("\n");
int finalSum = h_image[w * h - 1];
printf("CheckSum: %d, (expect %dx%d=%d)\n", finalSum, w, h, w * h);
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(d_data));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(d_integral_image));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFreeHost(h_image));
// verify final sum: if the final value in the corner is the same as the size
// of the buffer (all 1's) then the integral image was generated successfully
return (finalSum == w * h) ? true : false;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
// Initialization. The shuffle intrinsic is not available on SM < 3.0
// so waive the test if the hardware is not present.
int cuda_device = 0;
printf("Starting shfl_scan\n");
// use command-line specified CUDA device, otherwise use device with highest
// Gflops/s
cuda_device = findCudaDevice(argc, (const char **)argv);
cudaDeviceProp deviceProp;
checkCudaErrors(cudaGetDevice(&cuda_device));
checkCudaErrors(cudaGetDeviceProperties(&deviceProp, cuda_device));
printf("> Detected Compute SM %d.%d hardware with %d multi-processors\n",
deviceProp.major, deviceProp.minor, deviceProp.multiProcessorCount);
// __shfl intrinsic needs SM 3.0 or higher
if (deviceProp.major < 3) {
printf("> __shfl() intrinsic requires device SM 3.0+\n");
printf("> Waiving test.\n");
exit(EXIT_WAIVED);
}
bool bTestResult = true;
bool simpleTest = shuffle_simple_test(argc, argv);
bool intTest = shuffle_integral_image_test();
bTestResult = simpleTest & intTest;
exit((bTestResult) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
}

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Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
# Visual Studio 2017
Project("{8BC9CEB8-8B4A-11D0-8D11-00A0C91BC942}") = "shfl_scan", "shfl_scan_vs2017.vcxproj", "{997E0757-EA74-4A4E-A0FC-47D8C8831A15}"
EndProject
Global
GlobalSection(SolutionConfigurationPlatforms) = preSolution
Debug|x64 = Debug|x64
Release|x64 = Release|x64
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(ProjectConfigurationPlatforms) = postSolution
{997E0757-EA74-4A4E-A0FC-47D8C8831A15}.Debug|x64.ActiveCfg = Debug|x64
{997E0757-EA74-4A4E-A0FC-47D8C8831A15}.Debug|x64.Build.0 = Debug|x64
{997E0757-EA74-4A4E-A0FC-47D8C8831A15}.Release|x64.ActiveCfg = Release|x64
{997E0757-EA74-4A4E-A0FC-47D8C8831A15}.Release|x64.Build.0 = Release|x64
EndGlobalSection
GlobalSection(SolutionProperties) = preSolution
HideSolutionNode = FALSE
EndGlobalSection
EndGlobal

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/* Copyright (c) 2022, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#ifndef SAMPLES_SHFL_SCAN_UTIL_H_
#define SAMPLES_SHFL_SCAN_UTIL_H_
// Macro to catch CUDA errors in kernel launches
#define CHECK_LAUNCH_ERROR() \
do { \
/* Check synchronous errors, i.e. pre-launch */ \
cudaError_t err = cudaGetLastError(); \
if (cudaSuccess != err) { \
fprintf(stderr, "Cuda error in file '%s' in line %i : %s.\n", __FILE__, \
__LINE__, cudaGetErrorString(err)); \
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); \
} \
/* Check asynchronous errors, i.e. kernel failed (ULF) */ \
err = cudaDeviceSynchronize(); \
if (cudaSuccess != err) { \
fprintf(stderr, "Cuda error in file '%s' in line %i : %s!\n", __FILE__, \
__LINE__, cudaGetErrorString(err)); \
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); \
} \
} while (0)
// Macro to catch CUDA errors in CUDA runtime calls
#define CUDA_CHECK(call) \
do { \
cudaError_t err = call; \
if (cudaSuccess != err) { \
fprintf(stderr, "Cuda error in file '%s' in line %i : %s.\n", __FILE__, \
__LINE__, cudaGetErrorString(err)); \
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); \
} \
} while (0)
#endif // SAMPLES_SHFL_SCAN_UTIL_H_