add and update samples for CUDA 11.5

This commit is contained in:
Rutwik Choughule
2021-10-21 16:34:49 +05:30
parent 3342d604fe
commit 1f76a2d110
2796 changed files with 1511725 additions and 827 deletions

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{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Linux",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/**",
"${workspaceFolder}/../../Common"
],
"defines": [],
"compilerPath": "/usr/local/cuda/bin/nvcc",
"cStandard": "gnu17",
"cppStandard": "gnu++14",
"intelliSenseMode": "linux-gcc-x64",
"configurationProvider": "ms-vscode.makefile-tools"
}
],
"version": 4
}

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{
"recommendations": [
"nvidia.nsight-vscode-edition",
"ms-vscode.cpptools",
"ms-vscode.makefile-tools"
]
}

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{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "CUDA C++: Launch",
"type": "cuda-gdb",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${workspaceFolder}/UnifiedMemoryStreams"
}
]
}

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{
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "sample",
"type": "shell",
"command": "make dbg=1",
"problemMatcher": ["$nvcc"],
"group": {
"kind": "build",
"isDefault": true
}
}
]
}

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################################################################################
# Copyright (c) 2019, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
# are met:
# * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
# * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
# notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
# documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
# * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
# contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
# from this software without specific prior written permission.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
# EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
# PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
# CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
# EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
# PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
# PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
# OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
#
################################################################################
#
# Makefile project only supported on Mac OS X and Linux Platforms)
#
################################################################################
# Location of the CUDA Toolkit
CUDA_PATH ?= /usr/local/cuda
##############################
# start deprecated interface #
##############################
ifeq ($(x86_64),1)
$(info WARNING - x86_64 variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=x86_64 instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= x86_64
endif
ifeq ($(ARMv7),1)
$(info WARNING - ARMv7 variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=armv7l instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= armv7l
endif
ifeq ($(aarch64),1)
$(info WARNING - aarch64 variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=aarch64 instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= aarch64
endif
ifeq ($(ppc64le),1)
$(info WARNING - ppc64le variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use TARGET_ARCH=ppc64le instead)
TARGET_ARCH ?= ppc64le
endif
ifneq ($(GCC),)
$(info WARNING - GCC variable has been deprecated)
$(info WARNING - please use HOST_COMPILER=$(GCC) instead)
HOST_COMPILER ?= $(GCC)
endif
ifneq ($(abi),)
$(error ERROR - abi variable has been removed)
endif
############################
# end deprecated interface #
############################
# architecture
HOST_ARCH := $(shell uname -m)
TARGET_ARCH ?= $(HOST_ARCH)
ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),x86_64 aarch64 sbsa ppc64le armv7l))
ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),x86_64 aarch64 sbsa ppc64le))
TARGET_SIZE := 64
else ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),armv7l))
TARGET_SIZE := 32
endif
else
TARGET_SIZE := $(shell getconf LONG_BIT)
endif
else
$(error ERROR - unsupported value $(TARGET_ARCH) for TARGET_ARCH!)
endif
# sbsa and aarch64 systems look similar. Need to differentiate them at host level for now.
ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH),aarch64)
ifeq ($(CUDA_PATH)/targets/sbsa-linux,$(shell ls -1d $(CUDA_PATH)/targets/sbsa-linux 2>/dev/null))
HOST_ARCH := sbsa
TARGET_ARCH := sbsa
endif
endif
ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifeq (,$(filter $(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH),aarch64-armv7l x86_64-armv7l x86_64-aarch64 x86_64-sbsa x86_64-ppc64le))
$(error ERROR - cross compiling from $(HOST_ARCH) to $(TARGET_ARCH) is not supported!)
endif
endif
# When on native aarch64 system with userspace of 32-bit, change TARGET_ARCH to armv7l
ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_SIZE),aarch64-aarch64-32)
TARGET_ARCH = armv7l
endif
# operating system
HOST_OS := $(shell uname -s 2>/dev/null | tr "[:upper:]" "[:lower:]")
TARGET_OS ?= $(HOST_OS)
ifeq (,$(filter $(TARGET_OS),linux darwin qnx android))
$(error ERROR - unsupported value $(TARGET_OS) for TARGET_OS!)
endif
# host compiler
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),darwin)
ifeq ($(shell expr `xcodebuild -version | grep -i xcode | awk '{print $$2}' | cut -d'.' -f1` \>= 5),1)
HOST_COMPILER ?= clang++
endif
else ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH),x86_64-armv7l)
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),linux)
HOST_COMPILER ?= arm-linux-gnueabihf-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),qnx)
ifeq ($(QNX_HOST),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_HOST must be passed to the QNX host toolchain)
endif
ifeq ($(QNX_TARGET),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_TARGET must be passed to the QNX target toolchain)
endif
export QNX_HOST
export QNX_TARGET
HOST_COMPILER ?= $(QNX_HOST)/usr/bin/arm-unknown-nto-qnx6.6.0eabi-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),android)
HOST_COMPILER ?= arm-linux-androideabi-g++
endif
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),aarch64)
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS), linux)
HOST_COMPILER ?= aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),qnx)
ifeq ($(QNX_HOST),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_HOST must be passed to the QNX host toolchain)
endif
ifeq ($(QNX_TARGET),)
$(error ERROR - QNX_TARGET must be passed to the QNX target toolchain)
endif
export QNX_HOST
export QNX_TARGET
HOST_COMPILER ?= $(QNX_HOST)/usr/bin/q++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS), android)
HOST_COMPILER ?= aarch64-linux-android-clang++
endif
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),sbsa)
HOST_COMPILER ?= aarch64-linux-gnu-g++
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),ppc64le)
HOST_COMPILER ?= powerpc64le-linux-gnu-g++
endif
endif
HOST_COMPILER ?= g++
NVCC := $(CUDA_PATH)/bin/nvcc -ccbin $(HOST_COMPILER)
# internal flags
NVCCFLAGS := -m${TARGET_SIZE}
CCFLAGS :=
LDFLAGS :=
# build flags
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),darwin)
LDFLAGS += -rpath $(CUDA_PATH)/lib
CCFLAGS += -arch $(HOST_ARCH)
else ifeq ($(HOST_ARCH)-$(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),x86_64-armv7l-linux)
LDFLAGS += --dynamic-linker=/lib/ld-linux-armhf.so.3
CCFLAGS += -mfloat-abi=hard
else ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),android)
LDFLAGS += -pie
CCFLAGS += -fpie -fpic -fexceptions
endif
ifneq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(HOST_ARCH))
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-linux)
ifneq ($(TARGET_FS),)
GCCVERSIONLTEQ46 := $(shell expr `$(HOST_COMPILER) -dumpversion` \<= 4.6)
ifeq ($(GCCVERSIONLTEQ46),1)
CCFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
endif
LDFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf
endif
endif
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-linux)
ifneq ($(TARGET_FS),)
GCCVERSIONLTEQ46 := $(shell expr `$(HOST_COMPILER) -dumpversion` \<= 4.6)
ifeq ($(GCCVERSIONLTEQ46),1)
CCFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
endif
LDFLAGS += --sysroot=$(TARGET_FS)
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/lib -L$(TARGET_FS)/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu -L$(TARGET_FS)/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib
LDFLAGS += -rpath-link=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu
LDFLAGS += --unresolved-symbols=ignore-in-shared-libs
CCFLAGS += -isystem=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include -I$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include -I$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include/libdrm
CCFLAGS += -isystem=$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu -I$(TARGET_FS)/usr/include/aarch64-linux-gnu
endif
endif
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-qnx)
NVCCFLAGS += --qpp-config 5.4.0,gcc_ntoaarch64le
CCFLAGS += -DWIN_INTERFACE_CUSTOM -I/usr/include/aarch64-qnx-gnu
LDFLAGS += -lsocket
LDFLAGS += -L/usr/lib/aarch64-qnx-gnu
CCFLAGS += "-Wl\,-rpath-link\,/usr/lib/aarch64-qnx-gnu"
ifdef TARGET_OVERRIDE
LDFLAGS += -lslog2
endif
ifneq ($(TARGET_FS),)
LDFLAGS += -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib
CCFLAGS += "-Wl\,-rpath-link\,$(TARGET_FS)/usr/lib"
LDFLAGS += -L$(TARGET_FS)/usr/libnvidia
CCFLAGS += "-Wl\,-rpath-link\,$(TARGET_FS)/usr/libnvidia"
CCFLAGS += -I$(TARGET_FS)/../include
endif
endif
endif
ifdef TARGET_OVERRIDE # cuda toolkit targets override
NVCCFLAGS += -target-dir $(TARGET_OVERRIDE)
endif
# Install directory of different arch
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR :=
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-linux)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/armv7-linux-gnueabihf/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-linux)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/aarch64-linux/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),sbsa-linux)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/sbsa-linux/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-android)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/armv7-linux-androideabi/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-android)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/aarch64-linux-androideabi/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),armv7l-qnx)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/ARMv7-linux-QNX/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH)-$(TARGET_OS),aarch64-qnx)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/aarch64-qnx/
else ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),ppc64le)
CUDA_INSTALL_TARGET_DIR = targets/ppc64le-linux/
endif
# Debug build flags
ifeq ($(dbg),1)
NVCCFLAGS += -g -G
BUILD_TYPE := debug
else
BUILD_TYPE := release
endif
ALL_CCFLAGS :=
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(NVCCFLAGS)
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(EXTRA_NVCCFLAGS)
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xcompiler ,$(CCFLAGS))
ALL_CCFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xcompiler ,$(EXTRA_CCFLAGS))
UBUNTU = $(shell lsb_release -i -s 2>/dev/null | grep -i ubuntu)
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 1
# This sample is not supported on QNX
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),qnx)
$(info >>> WARNING - UnifiedMemoryStreams is not supported on QNX - waiving sample <<<)
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 0
endif
ALL_LDFLAGS :=
ALL_LDFLAGS += $(ALL_CCFLAGS)
ALL_LDFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xlinker ,$(LDFLAGS))
ALL_LDFLAGS += $(addprefix -Xlinker ,$(EXTRA_LDFLAGS))
# Common includes and paths for CUDA
INCLUDES := -I../../Common
LIBRARIES :=
################################################################################
# Attempt to compile a minimal OpenMP application. If a.out exists, OpenMP is properly set up.
ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_OS),linux android))
ifneq (,$(filter $(TARGET_OS), android))
LIBRARIES += -lomp
else
LIBRARIES += -lgomp
endif
ALL_CCFLAGS += -Xcompiler -fopenmp
$(shell echo "#include <omp.h>" > test.c ; echo "int main() { omp_get_num_threads(); return 0; }" >> test.c ; $(HOST_COMPILER) -fopenmp test.c)
OPENMP ?= $(shell find a.out 2>/dev/null)
ifeq ($(OPENMP),)
$(info -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------)
$(info WARNING - OpenMP is unable to compile)
$(info -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------)
$(info This CUDA Sample cannot be built if the OpenMP compiler is not set up correctly.)
$(info This will be a dry-run of the Makefile.)
$(info For more information on how to set up your environment to build and run this )
$(info sample, please refer the CUDA Samples documentation and release notes)
$(info -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------)
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 0
endif
$(shell rm a.out test.c 2>/dev/null)
else
LIBRARIES += -lpthread
ALL_CCFLAGS += -DUSE_PTHREADS
endif
#Detect if installed version of GCC supports required C++11
ifeq ($(TARGET_OS),linux)
empty :=
space := $(empty) $(empty)
GCCVERSIONSTRING := $(shell expr `$(HOST_COMPILER) -dumpversion`)
#Create version number without "."
GCCVERSION := $(shell expr `echo $(GCCVERSIONSTRING)` | cut -f1 -d.)
GCCVERSION += $(shell expr `echo $(GCCVERSIONSTRING)` | cut -f2 -d.)
GCCVERSION += $(shell expr `echo $(GCCVERSIONSTRING)` | cut -f3 -d.)
# Make sure the version number has at least 3 decimals
GCCVERSION += 00
# Remove spaces from the version number
GCCVERSION := $(subst $(space),$(empty),$(GCCVERSION))
#$(warning $(GCCVERSION))
IS_MIN_VERSION := $(shell expr `echo $(GCCVERSION)` \>= 51000)
ifeq ($(IS_MIN_VERSION), 1)
$(info >>> GCC Version is greater or equal to 5.1.0 <<<)
else
$(info >>> Waiving build. Minimum GCC version required is 5.1.0<<<)
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 0
endif
endif
# Gencode arguments
ifeq ($(TARGET_ARCH),$(filter $(TARGET_ARCH),armv7l aarch64))
SMS ?= 35 37 50 52 60 61 70 72 75 80 86
else
SMS ?= 35 37 50 52 60 61 70 75 80 86
endif
ifeq ($(SMS),)
$(info >>> WARNING - no SM architectures have been specified - waiving sample <<<)
SAMPLE_ENABLED := 0
endif
ifeq ($(GENCODE_FLAGS),)
# Generate SASS code for each SM architecture listed in $(SMS)
$(foreach sm,$(SMS),$(eval GENCODE_FLAGS += -gencode arch=compute_$(sm),code=sm_$(sm)))
# Generate PTX code from the highest SM architecture in $(SMS) to guarantee forward-compatibility
HIGHEST_SM := $(lastword $(sort $(SMS)))
ifneq ($(HIGHEST_SM),)
GENCODE_FLAGS += -gencode arch=compute_$(HIGHEST_SM),code=compute_$(HIGHEST_SM)
endif
endif
ALL_CCFLAGS += --threads 0 --std=c++11
LIBRARIES += -lcublas
ifeq ($(SAMPLE_ENABLED),0)
EXEC ?= @echo "[@]"
endif
################################################################################
# Target rules
all: build
build: UnifiedMemoryStreams
check.deps:
ifeq ($(SAMPLE_ENABLED),0)
@echo "Sample will be waived due to the above missing dependencies"
else
@echo "Sample is ready - all dependencies have been met"
endif
UnifiedMemoryStreams.o:UnifiedMemoryStreams.cu
$(EXEC) $(NVCC) $(INCLUDES) $(ALL_CCFLAGS) $(GENCODE_FLAGS) -o $@ -c $<
UnifiedMemoryStreams: UnifiedMemoryStreams.o
$(EXEC) $(NVCC) $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(GENCODE_FLAGS) -o $@ $+ $(LIBRARIES)
$(EXEC) mkdir -p ../../bin/$(TARGET_ARCH)/$(TARGET_OS)/$(BUILD_TYPE)
$(EXEC) cp $@ ../../bin/$(TARGET_ARCH)/$(TARGET_OS)/$(BUILD_TYPE)
run: build
$(EXEC) ./UnifiedMemoryStreams
clean:
rm -f UnifiedMemoryStreams UnifiedMemoryStreams.o
rm -rf ../../bin/$(TARGET_ARCH)/$(TARGET_OS)/$(BUILD_TYPE)/UnifiedMemoryStreams
clobber: clean

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE entry SYSTEM "SamplesInfo.dtd">
<entry>
<name>UnifiedMemoryStreams</name>
<cuda_api_list>
<toolkit>cudaMallocManaged</toolkit>
<toolkit>cudaStreamAttachManagedMem</toolkit>
</cuda_api_list>
<description><![CDATA[This sample demonstrates the use of OpenMP and streams with Unified Memory on a single GPU.]]></description>
<devicecompilation>whole</devicecompilation>
<includepaths>
<path>./</path>
<path>../</path>
<path>../../Common</path>
</includepaths>
<keyconcepts>
<concept level="basic">CUDA Systems Integration</concept>
<concept level="basic">OpenMP</concept>
<concept level="basic">CUBLAS</concept>
<concept level="basic">Multithreading</concept>
<concept level="basic">Unified Memory</concept>
<concept level="basic">CUDA Streams and Events</concept>
</keyconcepts>
<keywords>
<keyword>CUDA</keyword>
<keyword>CUBLAS</keyword>
<keyword>OpenMP</keyword>
<keyword>cluster</keyword>
<keyword>multi-GPU Support</keyword>
<keyword>Unified Memory</keyword>
<keyword>UVM</keyword>
<keyword>openMP</keyword>
<keyword>Streams</keyword>
<keyword>pthreads</keyword>
</keywords>
<libraries>
<library>cublas</library>
</libraries>
<librarypaths>
</librarypaths>
<nsight_eclipse>true</nsight_eclipse>
<primary_file>UnifiedMemoryStreams.cu</primary_file>
<required_dependencies>
<dependency>OpenMP</dependency>
<dependency>UVM</dependency>
<dependency>CUBLAS</dependency>
</required_dependencies>
<scopes>
<scope>1:CUDA Basic Topics</scope>
<scope>1:CUDA Systems Integration</scope>
<scope>1:Unified Memory</scope>
</scopes>
<supported_envs>
<env>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<platform>linux</platform>
</env>
<env>
<arch>x86_64</arch>
<platform>macosx</platform>
</env>
<env>
<platform>windows7</platform>
</env>
<env>
<arch>arm</arch>
</env>
<env>
<arch>ppc64le</arch>
<platform>linux</platform>
</env>
</supported_envs>
<supported_sm_architectures>
<from>3.0</from>
</supported_sm_architectures>
<title>Unified Memory Streams</title>
<type>exe</type>
</entry>

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# UnifiedMemoryStreams - Unified Memory Streams
## Description
This sample demonstrates the use of OpenMP and streams with Unified Memory on a single GPU.
## Key Concepts
CUDA Systems Integration, OpenMP, CUBLAS, Multithreading, Unified Memory, CUDA Streams and Events
## Supported SM Architectures
## Supported OSes
Linux, Windows
## Supported CPU Architecture
x86_64, ppc64le, armv7l
## CUDA APIs involved
### [CUDA Runtime API](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-runtime-api/index.html)
cudaMallocManaged, cudaStreamAttachManagedMem
## Dependencies needed to build/run
[OpenMP](../../README.md#openmp), [UVM](../../README.md#uvm), [CUBLAS](../../README.md#cublas)
## Prerequisites
Download and install the [CUDA Toolkit 11.5](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads) for your corresponding platform.
Make sure the dependencies mentioned in [Dependencies]() section above are installed.
## Build and Run
### Windows
The Windows samples are built using the Visual Studio IDE. Solution files (.sln) are provided for each supported version of Visual Studio, using the format:
```
*_vs<version>.sln - for Visual Studio <version>
```
Each individual sample has its own set of solution files in its directory:
To build/examine all the samples at once, the complete solution files should be used. To build/examine a single sample, the individual sample solution files should be used.
> **Note:** Some samples require that the Microsoft DirectX SDK (June 2010 or newer) be installed and that the VC++ directory paths are properly set up (**Tools > Options...**). Check DirectX Dependencies section for details."
### Linux
The Linux samples are built using makefiles. To use the makefiles, change the current directory to the sample directory you wish to build, and run make:
```
$ cd <sample_dir>
$ make
```
The samples makefiles can take advantage of certain options:
* **TARGET_ARCH=<arch>** - cross-compile targeting a specific architecture. Allowed architectures are x86_64, ppc64le, armv7l.
By default, TARGET_ARCH is set to HOST_ARCH. On a x86_64 machine, not setting TARGET_ARCH is the equivalent of setting TARGET_ARCH=x86_64.<br/>
`$ make TARGET_ARCH=x86_64` <br/> `$ make TARGET_ARCH=ppc64le` <br/> `$ make TARGET_ARCH=armv7l` <br/>
See [here](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-samples/index.html#cross-samples) for more details.
* **dbg=1** - build with debug symbols
```
$ make dbg=1
```
* **SMS="A B ..."** - override the SM architectures for which the sample will be built, where `"A B ..."` is a space-delimited list of SM architectures. For example, to generate SASS for SM 50 and SM 60, use `SMS="50 60"`.
```
$ make SMS="50 60"
```
* **HOST_COMPILER=<host_compiler>** - override the default g++ host compiler. See the [Linux Installation Guide](http://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#system-requirements) for a list of supported host compilers.
```
$ make HOST_COMPILER=g++
```
## References (for more details)

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/* Copyright (c) 2021, NVIDIA CORPORATION. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* * Neither the name of NVIDIA CORPORATION nor the names of its
* contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
* from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS ``AS IS'' AND ANY
* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
* PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
* CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
* PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
* PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY
* OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
* (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* This sample implements a simple task consumer using threads and streams
* with all data in Unified Memory, and tasks consumed by both host and device
*/
// system includes
#include <cstdio>
#include <ctime>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#ifdef USE_PTHREADS
#include <pthread.h>
#else
#include <omp.h>
#endif
#include <stdlib.h>
// cuBLAS
#include <cublas_v2.h>
// utilities
#include <helper_cuda.h>
#if defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN64) || defined(_WIN64)
// SRAND48 and DRAND48 don't exist on windows, but these are the equivalent
// functions
void srand48(long seed) { srand((unsigned int)seed); }
double drand48() { return double(rand()) / RAND_MAX; }
#endif
const char *sSDKname = "UnifiedMemoryStreams";
// simple task
template <typename T>
struct Task {
unsigned int size, id;
T *data;
T *result;
T *vector;
Task() : size(0), id(0), data(NULL), result(NULL), vector(NULL){};
Task(unsigned int s) : size(s), id(0), data(NULL), result(NULL) {
// allocate unified memory -- the operation performed in this example will
// be a DGEMV
checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocManaged(&data, sizeof(T) * size * size));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocManaged(&result, sizeof(T) * size));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocManaged(&vector, sizeof(T) * size));
checkCudaErrors(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
}
~Task() {
// ensure all memory is deallocated
checkCudaErrors(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(data));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(result));
checkCudaErrors(cudaFree(vector));
}
void allocate(const unsigned int s, const unsigned int unique_id) {
// allocate unified memory outside of constructor
id = unique_id;
size = s;
checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocManaged(&data, sizeof(T) * size * size));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocManaged(&result, sizeof(T) * size));
checkCudaErrors(cudaMallocManaged(&vector, sizeof(T) * size));
checkCudaErrors(cudaDeviceSynchronize());
// populate data with random elements
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < size * size; i++) {
data[i] = drand48();
}
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
result[i] = 0.;
vector[i] = drand48();
}
}
};
#ifdef USE_PTHREADS
struct threadData_t {
int tid;
Task<double> *TaskListPtr;
cudaStream_t *streams;
cublasHandle_t *handles;
int taskSize;
};
typedef struct threadData_t threadData;
#endif
// simple host dgemv: assume data is in row-major format and square
template <typename T>
void gemv(int m, int n, T alpha, T *A, T *x, T beta, T *result) {
// rows
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
result[i] *= beta;
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
result[i] += A[i * n + j] * x[j];
}
}
}
// execute a single task on either host or device depending on size
#ifdef USE_PTHREADS
void *execute(void *inpArgs) {
threadData *dataPtr = (threadData *)inpArgs;
cudaStream_t *stream = dataPtr->streams;
cublasHandle_t *handle = dataPtr->handles;
int tid = dataPtr->tid;
for (int i = 0; i < dataPtr->taskSize; i++) {
Task<double> &t = dataPtr->TaskListPtr[i];
if (t.size < 100) {
// perform on host
printf("Task [%d], thread [%d] executing on host (%d)\n", t.id, tid,
t.size);
// attach managed memory to a (dummy) stream to allow host access while
// the device is running
checkCudaErrors(
cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[0], t.data, 0, cudaMemAttachHost));
checkCudaErrors(
cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[0], t.vector, 0, cudaMemAttachHost));
checkCudaErrors(
cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[0], t.result, 0, cudaMemAttachHost));
// necessary to ensure Async cudaStreamAttachMemAsync calls have finished
checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamSynchronize(stream[0]));
// call the host operation
gemv(t.size, t.size, 1.0, t.data, t.vector, 0.0, t.result);
} else {
// perform on device
printf("Task [%d], thread [%d] executing on device (%d)\n", t.id, tid,
t.size);
double one = 1.0;
double zero = 0.0;
// attach managed memory to my stream
checkCudaErrors(cublasSetStream(handle[tid + 1], stream[tid + 1]));
checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[tid + 1], t.data, 0,
cudaMemAttachSingle));
checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[tid + 1], t.vector, 0,
cudaMemAttachSingle));
checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[tid + 1], t.result, 0,
cudaMemAttachSingle));
// call the device operation
checkCudaErrors(cublasDgemv(handle[tid + 1], CUBLAS_OP_N, t.size, t.size,
&one, t.data, t.size, t.vector, 1, &zero,
t.result, 1));
}
}
pthread_exit(NULL);
}
#else
template <typename T>
void execute(Task<T> &t, cublasHandle_t *handle, cudaStream_t *stream,
int tid) {
if (t.size < 100) {
// perform on host
printf("Task [%d], thread [%d] executing on host (%d)\n", t.id, tid,
t.size);
// attach managed memory to a (dummy) stream to allow host access while the
// device is running
checkCudaErrors(
cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[0], t.data, 0, cudaMemAttachHost));
checkCudaErrors(
cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[0], t.vector, 0, cudaMemAttachHost));
checkCudaErrors(
cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[0], t.result, 0, cudaMemAttachHost));
// necessary to ensure Async cudaStreamAttachMemAsync calls have finished
checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamSynchronize(stream[0]));
// call the host operation
gemv(t.size, t.size, 1.0, t.data, t.vector, 0.0, t.result);
} else {
// perform on device
printf("Task [%d], thread [%d] executing on device (%d)\n", t.id, tid,
t.size);
double one = 1.0;
double zero = 0.0;
// attach managed memory to my stream
checkCudaErrors(cublasSetStream(handle[tid + 1], stream[tid + 1]));
checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[tid + 1], t.data, 0,
cudaMemAttachSingle));
checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[tid + 1], t.vector, 0,
cudaMemAttachSingle));
checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamAttachMemAsync(stream[tid + 1], t.result, 0,
cudaMemAttachSingle));
// call the device operation
checkCudaErrors(cublasDgemv(handle[tid + 1], CUBLAS_OP_N, t.size, t.size,
&one, t.data, t.size, t.vector, 1, &zero,
t.result, 1));
}
}
#endif
// populate a list of tasks with random sizes
template <typename T>
void initialise_tasks(std::vector<Task<T> > &TaskList) {
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < TaskList.size(); i++) {
// generate random size
int size;
size = std::max((int)(drand48() * 1000.0), 64);
TaskList[i].allocate(size, i);
}
}
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
// set device
cudaDeviceProp device_prop;
int dev_id = findCudaDevice(argc, (const char **)argv);
checkCudaErrors(cudaGetDeviceProperties(&device_prop, dev_id));
if (!device_prop.managedMemory) {
// This samples requires being run on a device that supports Unified Memory
fprintf(stderr, "Unified Memory not supported on this device\n");
exit(EXIT_WAIVED);
}
if (device_prop.computeMode == cudaComputeModeProhibited) {
// This sample requires being run with a default or process exclusive mode
fprintf(stderr,
"This sample requires a device in either default or process "
"exclusive mode\n");
exit(EXIT_WAIVED);
}
// randomise task sizes
int seed = (int)time(NULL);
srand48(seed);
// set number of threads
const int nthreads = 4;
// number of streams = number of threads
cudaStream_t *streams = new cudaStream_t[nthreads + 1];
cublasHandle_t *handles = new cublasHandle_t[nthreads + 1];
for (int i = 0; i < nthreads + 1; i++) {
checkCudaErrors(cudaStreamCreate(&streams[i]));
checkCudaErrors(cublasCreate(&handles[i]));
}
// create list of N tasks
unsigned int N = 40;
std::vector<Task<double> > TaskList(N);
initialise_tasks(TaskList);
printf("Executing tasks on host / device\n");
// run through all tasks using threads and streams
#ifdef USE_PTHREADS
pthread_t threads[nthreads];
threadData *InputToThreads = new threadData[nthreads];
for (int i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) {
checkCudaErrors(cudaSetDevice(dev_id));
InputToThreads[i].tid = i;
InputToThreads[i].streams = streams;
InputToThreads[i].handles = handles;
if ((TaskList.size() / nthreads) == 0) {
InputToThreads[i].taskSize = (TaskList.size() / nthreads);
InputToThreads[i].TaskListPtr =
&TaskList[i * (TaskList.size() / nthreads)];
} else {
if (i == nthreads - 1) {
InputToThreads[i].taskSize =
(TaskList.size() / nthreads) + (TaskList.size() % nthreads);
InputToThreads[i].TaskListPtr =
&TaskList[i * (TaskList.size() / nthreads) +
(TaskList.size() % nthreads)];
} else {
InputToThreads[i].taskSize = (TaskList.size() / nthreads);
InputToThreads[i].TaskListPtr =
&TaskList[i * (TaskList.size() / nthreads)];
}
}
pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, &execute, &InputToThreads[i]);
}
for (int i = 0; i < nthreads; i++) {
pthread_join(threads[i], NULL);
}
#else
omp_set_num_threads(nthreads);
#pragma omp parallel for schedule(dynamic)
for (int i = 0; i < TaskList.size(); i++) {
checkCudaErrors(cudaSetDevice(dev_id));
int tid = omp_get_thread_num();
execute(TaskList[i], handles, streams, tid);
}
#endif
cudaDeviceSynchronize();
// Destroy CUDA Streams, cuBlas handles
for (int i = 0; i < nthreads + 1; i++) {
cudaStreamDestroy(streams[i]);
cublasDestroy(handles[i]);
}
// Free TaskList
std::vector<Task<double> >().swap(TaskList);
printf("All Done!\n");
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

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